The research objective is to identify and analyze the possibility of using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) in Altai Krai for agroclimatic and meteorological research, including forecasting climate change and predicting the yield of various crops. An agroclimatic assessment of atmospheric droughts within the conditions of Altai Krai was performed using a method relatively new for national agrometeorology. At the moment, in the Russian Federation and the CIS countries, the G. T. Selyaninov Hydrothermic Factor (HF) is mainly used for assessing droughts, which makes it possible to assess the territory water availability by the ratio of the period characteristics with the temperature above 10°С. The authors have compiled the SPI calculator in the Microsoft Excel software environment. The paper presents the graphs of the moisturization course for the period of the active growing season for 31 meteorological stations of Altai Krai, and the frequency of arid events is calculated for compiling a precipitation model for the period of 1964–2020. The paper does not provide formulas described in detail in literature sources. The research results can be used in planning activities in the sphere of agriculture, developing an economic strategy for the region, and strategy in relation to adaptation to climate change. Areas are highlighted that are priority-oriented for taking measures to prevent the adverse consequences of climate change. General tendencies of changes in agrometeorological indicators have been found in those areas where they are the greatest ones. A comparison is made with the work results regarding other entities of the Russian Federation and the near abroad, wherein the possibility of using the SPI method for assessing droughts is analyzed.
The results of a study of the influence of various soil use methods on the humus content in leached chernozem under the conditions of the moderately arid and forest-outlier steppe of the Altai Territory are presented in this article. Soil sampling was carried out on the basis of experimental fields in the Educational farm “Prigorodnoe” and the FSUE “Komsomolsky”, Pavlovsky District. The following variants of soil use as traditional technology, minimum technology, perennial fallow land (18 years), virgin land (natural haymaking) are considered. We determined the humus content using I.V. Tyurin’s method, repeated three times. The article shows that the use of conservation agriculture technologies contributes to an increase in the accumulation of soil carbon, and as a result, an increase in soil humus content. It has been established that when using traditional soil cultivation technology, the humus content in the soil is lower against the background of perennial fallow land (18 years), virgin land (natural haymaking). During the experiment with traditional technology, we revealed the minimum value of the humus content in the subsurface horizon. When using the minimum technology, the humus content in the soil prevails 1.5 times compared to the traditional one. Adaptation of resource-saving technologies to the conditions of the moderately arid and forest-outlier steppe of the Altai Territory will reduce the intensity of mechanical impact on soils, improve the ecological state of agricultural landscapes and optimize farming systems.
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