Background:The intake of trans fatty acids (TFA) from industrially hydrogenated vegetable oils (iTFA) is known to have a deleterious effect on cardiovascular health, the effects of TFA from ruminants (rTFA) are virtually unknown. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of rTFA and iTFA on plasma LDL concentrations and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy subjects. Design: In a double-blind, randomized crossover controlled study, 38 healthy men were fed each of 4 experimental isoenergetic diets lasting 4 wk each. The 4 diets were high in rTFA (10.2 g/2500 kcal), moderate in rTFA (4.2 g/2500 kcal), high in iTFA (10.2 g/2500 kcal), and low in TFA from any source (2.2 g/2500 kcal) (control diet). Results: Plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher after the high-rTFA diet than after the control (P ҃ 0.03) or the moderate-rTFA (P ҃ 0.002) diet. Plasma LDL-cholesterol concentrations also were significantly (P ҃ 0.02) higher after the iTFA diet than after the moderate-rTFA diet. Plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly (P ҃ 0.02) lower after the highrTFA diet than after the moderate-rTFA diet. Finally, all risk factors were comparable between the control and the moderate-rTFA diets. Conclusions: These results suggest that, whereas a high dietary intake of TFA from ruminants may adversely affect cholesterol homeostasis, moderate intakes of rTFA that are well above the upper limit of current human consumption have neutral effects on plasma lipids and other cardiovascular disease risk factors.Am J Clin Nutr 2008;87:593-9.

This study showed that the prevalence of HCMV and HSV viruses in GCF is higher in patients suffering from periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy subjects, and that the prevalence of HCMV is higher in deep periodontal pockets. It also brought evidences that periodontal therapy may be associated with virus elimination in diseased sites.

The action of iodide on the cyclic AMP system of dog thyroid slices has been studied. Iodide inhibits the enhancement of cyclic AMP accumulation in the presence of TSH. Such an effect is also observed in horse, beef and sheep thyroid slices, but not in dog kidney slices stimulated by parathyroid hormone or in rat parotid slices stimulated by isoproterenol. The effect in dog thyroid slices is suppressed by 1mM NaClO4, 1mM methimazole and 1mM propylthiouracil. Similar data have been obtained for prostaglandin E1 stimulation. Effects of thyrotropin mediated by cyclic AMP, i.e., activation of iodothyronine secretion, 1-14C-glucose oxidation, and lactate formation, were also inhibited by iodide but not by iodide and methimazole. Similar activations when caused by dbcAMP were not inhibited by iodide. The data suggest a model in which an intracellular agent resulting from the oxidation of iodide acts on the thyroid cyclic AMP system.

BackgroundThe impact of dairy intake on cardiometabolic risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) needs further research.ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of milk consumption on a wide array of cardiometabolic risk factors associated with MetS (blood lipids, cholesterol homeostasis, glucose homeostasis, systemic inflammation, blood pressure, endothelial function) in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity.MethodsIn this randomized, crossover study, 27 women with abdominal obesity consumed two 6-week diets based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), one with 3.2 servings/d of 2% fat milk per 2000 kcal (MILK) and one without milk or other dairy (NCEP). The macronutrient composition of both diets was comparable (55% carbohydrates, 15% proteins, 30% fat and 10% saturated fat).ResultsThe MILK diet had no significant effect on LDL-C, triglycerides, LDL size, CRP and cell adhesion molecule concentrations and on indicators of insulin sensitivity. The MILK diet reduced HDL-C, adiponectin, endothelin and fasting glucose levels as well blood pressure (all P ≤ 0.01), but those changes were comparable to those seen with the NCEP milk-free diet (all between-diet P ≥ 0.07). Finally, the MILK diet was associated with lower VLDL apolipoprotein B fractional catabolic rate (−13.4%; P = 0.04) and plasma sterol concentrations (−12.0%; P = 0.04) compared with the control NCEP milk-free diet.ConclusionsThese data suggest that short-term consumption of low fat milk in the context of a prudent NCEP diet has no favorable nor deleterious effect on cardiometabolic risk factors associated with MetS in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1475-2891-14-12) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

We report four patients with Nager acrofacial dysostosis (AFD) syndrome and review all previous cases. This leads to an extended characterization of the Nager syndrome—eg, description of lower limb defects—and also to a discussion of the differential diagnosis which includes AFD postaxial defect syndrome, Fontaine syndrome, distal 2q duplication syndrome, hemifacial microsomia/Goldenhar radial defect syndrome, and some others.

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