Aim: To review provide an overview of the etiology and current strategies in the management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Methods: We did a comprehensive review of research trends, evidence based studies and epidemiologic studies. Results: CDH is a life-threatening pathology in infants, and a major cause of death due to the pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. There is much research related to elucidating the etiology of CDH and developing management strategies to improve the outcomes in these infants.

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vein only stent groups. One patient (1%) developed renal vein thrombosis treated with thrombolysis and stenting. Thirty patients (77%) with stents across the renal veins had follow-up imaging and all 30 (100%) had patent renal veins.Conclusions: Renal vein confluence stenting with small and large lattice stents does not compromise renal function or renal vein patency and may be performed when clinically indicated with few complications.

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