Systemically acquired resistance (SAR) and Induced systemic resistance (ISR) agents can trigger host system to produce phenolic compounds, PR proteins, sugars which impart resistance in plants against invading pathogens. The application of different concentrations of salicylic acid and Trichoderma viride (Tri-25) viz., single inoculation, combination inoculation with challenge inoculation of Exserohilum turcicum on the enhancement of growth and management of disease with special emphasis to ISR and SAR against turcicum leaf blight disease. Total phenols content were positively regulated in both the inbred lines treated with T. viride and salicylic acid in combination. In ISR, the proteins content increased from the 7 th day of sampling and in SAR, the protein contents were increased from 24 hr to 72 hr in all the treatments. The higher amount of total sugars was noticed in resistant as compared to susceptible inbred line. Total sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars were less in pathogen inoculated maize inbred lines. Chlorophyll content maximum in resistant compared to susceptible inbred line and increased over a period of time in all the treatments except in pathogen inoculation. Combination of salicylic acid and T. viride has quite long term influence on enhancement of biochemical components in host plant.
Turcicum leaf blight of maize caused by Exserohilum turcicum is an economically important foliar disease, the findings of the study reveals that, among the 32 isolates, tested for mycelia growth on PDA, Aedigudda (Et12), Dibbadahalli (Et14), Hulihyder (Et19), Kanakagiri (Et28) and Raichur (Et32) isolate showed an excellent mean radial growth (90.00 mm) and least mean radial growth was obtained in Et9 (Choornoor) isolate with mycelia growth of 69.00 mm. Maximum number of E. turcicum isolates were having the septa of 3-8 and 3-9 with protruding hilum. Interestingly an isolate Et16 and Et28 from Hadagali and Kanakagiri respectively having 3-15 septa. Maximum size of conidia was observed in Et16 of Hadagali (120.78 µm × 29.15 µm) followed by Et28 of Kanakagiri (116.62 µm × 24.99 µm). In pathogen variability studies, CM-202 and MI-39 inbred lines showed significantly higher mean lesion sizes of 1.31 cm 2 and 1.29 cm 2 for most of the isolates respectively. Smaller lesion size of 0.26 cm 2 was recorded in HS-2. Across the maize inbred lines E. turcicum, isolates from Farathabad, Bheemarayanagudi and Mataladinni produced higher mean lesion size of 1.10, 1.00 and 1.00 cm 2 respectively, where as small lesion size was noticed in Kushtagi (0.24 cm 2 ) and Kottur (0.25 cm 2 ) isolates. CM-202 and MI-39 inbred lines showed susceptible to highly susceptible reaction to majority of the isolates (3 to 5 reaction). The inbred lines 9202B, 9208B showed highly resistant to moderately resistant reaction (1-3) whereas CI-4 and HS-2 showed highly resistant to resistant reaction.
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