The automatic detection and classification of insect pest is emerged as one of the interesting research areas in agriculture sector to ensure reduction of damages due to pest. From the general process of detection of pest, feature extraction plays a significant role. It extracts features from the segmented image obtained by segmentation process, and then extracted images are being transferred to a classifier for the operations. In this work, we studied and implemented two feature extraction techniques, i.e., Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) and Local Binary Pattern techniques (LBP). The comparison result expressed that HOG performs better than its counterpart. The result comes with accuracy of 97% for HOG. Here, we are adopting SVM-based pest classification as a test case.
Insect pests are posing a significant threat to agricultural production. They live in different places like fruits, vegetables, flowers, and grains. It impacts plant growth and causes damage to crop yields. We presented an automatic detection and classification of tomato pests using image processing with machine learning-based approaches. In our work, we considered texture features of pest images extracted by feature extraction algorithms like gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), local binary pattern (LBP), histogram of oriented gradient (HOG), and speeded up robust features (SURF). The three standard classification methods, including support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbour (k-NN), and decision tree (DT) are used for classification operation. The three classifiers have undergone a comprehensive analysis to present which classifier with which feature yields the best accuracy. The experiment results showed that the SVM classifier's precision using the feature extracted by local binary patterns (LBP) algorithm achieves the highest value of 81.02%. MATLAB software used for feature extraction and waikato environment for knowledge analysis (WEKA) graphical user interface for classification.
Pests are major threat to economic growth of a country. Application of pesticide is the easiest way to control the pest infection. However, excessive utilization of pesticide is hazardous to environment. The recent advances in deep learning have paved the way for early detection and improved classification of pest in tomato plants which will benefit the farmers. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of 11 state-of-the-art deep convolutional neural network (CNN) models with three configurations: transfers learning, fine-tuning and scratch learning. The training in transfer learning and fine tuning initiates from pre-trained weights whereas random weights are used in case of scratch learning. In addition, the concept of data augmentation has been explored to improve the performance. Our dataset consists of 859 tomato pest images from 10 categories. The results demonstrate that the highest classification accuracy of 94.87% has been achieved in the transfer learning approach by DenseNet201 model with data augmentation.
In this paper a Modified Functional Link Artificial. Neural Network (M-FLANN) is proposed which is simpler than a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). It have been implemented for image restoration in this paper. Its computational complexity and speed and generalization ability to cancel Gaussian noise is compared with that of MLP. In contrast to a feed forward ANN structure i.e. a multiplayer perceptron (MLP) the M-FLANN is basically a single layer structure in which non-linearity is introduced by enhancing the input pattern with nonlinear function expansion. With the proper choice of functional expansion in a FLANN problem of denoising of an image. In the single layer functional link ANN (FLANN) the need of hidden layer is eliminated.The novelty of the FLANN structure is that it requires much less computation than that of MLP. In the presence of additive white Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise, Random variable impulse noise and mixed noise in the image the performance of the proposed network is compared with that of MLP in this thesis. The Performance of the of algorithm is evaluated for six different situations i.e. for single layer neural network, MLP and four different types of expansion in FLANN and comparison in terms of computational complexity also carried out.
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