This article looks at how specific developments in information and communication technologies (ICT) have impacted on ELT over the past three decades. Of particular interest is the effect on classroom practice, and on the types of materials available for teaching and learning. We take as our starting point Mark Warschauer's and Stephen Bax's taxonomies of the various implementations of computer-assisted language learning (CALL), and what this meant for teachers in the language classroom. This takes us from the mid-1980s until the late 1990s (Part 1: CALL). In Part 2, we examine the shift caused by the rise of Web 2.0, and how this more fundamental change offers a wider range of tools and development opportunities for teachers and learners. Finally, in Part 3, we take a brief look at what the future of technologies might hold for ELT. Part 1: CALL The 'CALL' era, running from the mid-1980s to the end of the 1990s has been extensively studied by a number of key figures in the field,
Anybody who has lived through the past decade of technological developments will know how quickly our world is changing. And what happens outside our teaching contexts, out there in the real world, will inevitably – at least some of it – end up having an impact on what we do inside our classrooms, lecture halls, schools and colleges. Some of the technologies we mention below will assuredly come to have an impact on some teachers and teaching contexts, others may simply burn brightly and disappear, as so often happens in the field. We start this article by looking at the bigger picture of technologies in society and in education – the context into which technology fits, with a focus on how the digital divide affects the implementation of educational technologies (or ‘EdTech’). We then consider different and new ways and approaches to teaching and learning, before focussing on some of the new technologies which are – or will be – having an impact on what we do on a daily basis. In each case we reflect on how these new developments will continue to affect English language teachers and learners.
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