Aims:The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of closed reduction against open reduction with cerclage wires in patients with subtrochanteric fractures treated with intramedullary nailing (IMN). Materials and methods: We identified 141 patients who had an IMN over a 4-year period. They were classified into three groups based on fracture pattern and whether open or closed reduction was performed. Type I was a transverse fracture, type II, a spiral fracture with an intact posterior and medial wall in the proximal fragment, and a type III fracture without intact posterior or medial walls. The primary outcome measure was a revision surgery for implant failure. Secondary outcome measures were related to fracture reduction and radiological union scores of the hip (RUSH). Results: There were 35 patients who had a type I fracture, 26 patients with a type II fracture, and 80 patients with a type III fracture. The mean follow-up was 7 months. Closed reduction in type III fractures was associated with a significantly increased risk of mechanical complications (p = 0.005) and unplanned returns to theatre for implant failure (p = 0.04) as compared to open reduction. Open reduction in type III fractures was associated with a significantly higher mean RUSH scores (p = 0.0006). There was no significant difference in mean operative time between open and closed reduction in type III fractures (p = 0.12).
Conclusion:We recommend open reduction with cerclage wiring in type III subtrochanteric fractures in order to reduce the risk of implant failure, nonunion, and need for further surgery.
In young adults, most distal humerus fractures occur from high-energy trauma like Sidesweep injuries, motor vehicle accidents, falls from height and gunshot wounds. In elderly persons with more osteoporotic bone; most of these injuries occur from falls. Evolution of management of these fractures have revolutionized over time. Management of distal end of humerus fractures pose a challenge to treating orthopedic surgeon. Choice of implant depends of fracture anatomy and circumstances. In the present study we evaluate modes of management of distal end of humerus fractures in adults. Thirty six cases of fracture of distal humerus in adults were treated both conservatively and surgically and fixed using various implants in Mamata General Hospital, Khammam from October 2010 to October 2012. The Objectives of the study are to analyze the various methods of management of distal humeral fractures in adults. Most of the cases were males with age ranging between 18 to 65 years. By mayo elbow performance scoring system out of 36 patients, 14 patients (38.9%) had excellent results, 11 patients (30.6%) had good results, 4 patients (11.1%) had fair results and 7 patients (19.4%) had poor results. Reconstruction plates and cannulated cancellous screws offer excellent results in distal humeral fractures in adults.Open reduction and internal fixation with reconstruction plate and cancellous screws can be considered as the treatment of choice. With this method, proper length of the distal humerus, opposition, articular congruency, axial alignment, rotational alignment and stability with good range of motion of elbow can be restored. Hence, Reconstruction plates and cannulated cancellous screws can be considered as first line of management.
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