Na-ion Batteries have been considered as promising alternatives to Li-ion batteries due to the natural abundance of sodium resources. Searching for highperformance anode materials currently becomes a hot topic and also a great challenge for developing Na-ion batteries. In this work, a novel hybrid anode is synthesized consisting of ultrafi ne, few-layered SnS 2 anchored on few-layered reduced graphene oxide (rGO) by a facile solvothermal route. The SnS 2 /rGO hybrid exhibits a high capacity, ultralong cycle life, and superior rate capability. The hybrid can deliver a high charge capacity of 649 mAh g −1 at 100 mA g −1 . At 800 mA g −1 (1.8 C), it can yield an initial charge capacity of 469 mAh g −1 , which can be maintained at 89% and 61%, respectively, after 400 and 1000 cycles. The hybrid can also sustain a current density up to 12.8 A g −1 (≈28 C) where the charge process can be completed in only 1.3 min while still delivering a charge capacity of 337 mAh g −1 . The fast and stable Na-storage ability of SnS 2 /rGO makes it a promising anode for Na-ion batteries.
measurements indicate that the nanotubes exhibit superior high-rate capabilities and good cycling stability. About 70% of its initial capacity can be retained after 1500 cycles at 5 C rate. Importantly, the tubular nanostructures and the single-crystalline nature of the most LiMn 2 O 4 nanotubes are also well preserved after prolonged charge/discharge cycling at a relatively high current density, indicating good structural stability of the single-crystalline nanotubes during lithium intercalation/deintercalation process. As is confi rmed from Raman spectra analyses, no evident microstructural changes occur upon long-term cycling. These results reveal that single-crystalline nanotubes of LiMn 2 O 4 will be one of the most promising cathode materials for high-power lithium ion batteries.
A SnS2/graphene (SnS2/G) hybrid was synthesized by a facile one-step solvothermal route using graphite oxide, sodium sulfide, and SnCl4·5H2O as the starting materials. The formation of SnS2 and the reduction of graphite oxide occur simultaneously. Ultrathin SnS2 nanoplates with a lateral size of 5-10 nm are anchored on graphene nanosheets with a preferential (001) orientation, forming a unique plate-on-sheet structure. The electrochemical tests showed that the nanohybrid exhibits a remarkably enhanced cycling stability and rate capability compared with bare SnS2. The excellent electrochemical properties of SnS2/G could be ascribed to the in situ introduced graphene matrix which offers two-dimensional conductive networks, disperses and immobilizes SnS2 nanoplates, buffers the volume changes during cycling, and directs the growth of SnS2 nanoplates with a favorable orientation.
A challenge still remains to develop high‐performance and cost‐effective air electrode for Li‐O2 batteries with high capacity, enhanced rate capability and long cycle life (100 times or above) despite recent advances in this field. In this work, a new design of binder‐free air electrode composed of three‐dimensional (3D) graphene (G) and flower‐like δ‐MnO2 (3D‐G‐MnO2) has been proposed. In this design, graphene and δ‐MnO2 grow directly on the skeleton of Ni foam that inherits the interconnected 3D scaffold of Ni foam. Li‐O2 batteries with 3D‐G‐MnO2 electrode can yield a high discharge capacity of 3660 mAh g−1 at 0.083 mA cm−2. The battery can sustain 132 cycles at a capacity of 492 mAh g−1 (1000 mAh gcarbon
−1) with low overpotentials under a high current density of 0.333 mA cm−2. A high average energy density of 1350 Wh Kg−1 is maintained over 110 cycles at this high current density. The excellent catalytic activity of 3D‐G‐MnO2 makes it an attractive air electrode for high‐performance Li‐O2 batteries.
Nanostructuring and second phase incorporation are considered to be promising ways of enhancing the thermoelectric performance of bulk materials. Here, a design principle is proposed which combines these two methods for improving the thermoelectric performance of p-type CoSb 3 by fabricating a CoSb 3 /graphene (CoSb 3 /G) nanocomposite, where a second phase, graphene, is introduced in the nanostructured CoSb 3 matrix via an in situ one-pot solvothermal route. In addition, CoSb 3 /G bulk materials were prepared by hot pressing the solvothermally synthesized CoSb 3 /G powder. It was found that addition of a small amount of graphene can drastically enhance the electrical conductivity due to the increase in both carrier concentration and mobility. In addition, the well dispersed graphene in the nanostructured CoSb 3 matrix also contributes to the low lattice thermal conductivity. A dimensionless figure of merit ZT ¼ 0.61 at 800 K has been obtained for the CoSb 3 /G nanocomposite, which is about a 130% improvement over that of graphene-free CoSb 3 ($0.26).
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