A project was initiated to assess the sustainability of Indonesia’s planned nuclear energy system using the IAEA INPRO Methodology to develop an awareness of sustainability issues to support nuclear energy development strategic planning and decision making. Accordingly, for a nuclear energy system to be sustainable, fulfilment of current needs should not compromise the ability of future generations to meet theirs. The sustainability of the planned nuclear energy system was assessed based on the basic principles, user requirements and criteria in the areas of economics, infrastructure, waste management, proliferation resistance, physical protection, environment, and safety. The assessments covers the sustainability of a large reactor completed in 2014 to support the Pre-Feasibility Study in Bangka Belitung, and of a small and medium-sized reactor (SMR) currently ongoing to support the study in West Kalimantan. The results indicate that evidence of achieving sustainability exists in many respects, but there remain gaps to be addressed in due time on aspects such as economics, investment climate, availability of technology, and global development on non-renewable resources. A preliminary study on fuel cycle arrangements is being performed in parallel, focussing on collecting data including on fuel cycle services abroad. Collecting data has been the main challenge for a newcomer country that has yet to decide on the exact reactor technology. The paper is intended to evaluate the performance of Indonesia’s nuclear energy program using the INPRO Methodology to address the sustainability of its planned NES, i.e., reactors and fuel cycle facilities, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the efforts to achieve the purpose. Awareness of sustainability issues plays a key role in nuclear energy policy, especially for determining the energy mix by 2040, to achieve the Net Zero Emission policy target by 2060 or earlier.
KOMPOSISI, STRUKTUR DAN DENSITAS PADUAN U-7Mo-xSi. Struktural paduan U-7Mo-xSi (x= 1, 2, dan 3%) dipelajari dalam rangka mendapatkan paduan uranium baru yang cocok digunakan sebagai kandidat bahan bakar reaktor riset densitas uranium tinggi. Paduan U-7Mo-xSi dibuat dengan teknik peleburan menggunakan tungku busur listrik, dan pengujian meliputi analisis komposisi kimia, densitas, kekerasan dan struktural fasa yang terdapat di dalamnya. Data uji menunjukkan bahwa dengan kenaikan kadar Si di dalam paduan U-7Mo-xSi kadar U dan densitas menurun dan kekerasanya meningkat. Pola difraksi Sinar-X paduan U-7Mo-xSi dideteksi dari sudut difraksi 25° hingga 95°, teramati adanya fasa U-γ, U3Si2, dan U3Si2Mo. Makin tinggi kadar Si, fasa U3Si2 yang terbentuk semakin banyak dan kekerasannya meningkat karena semakin banyak terbentuknya ikatan antara Si dan Si.Kata kunci: Paduan U-7Mo-xSi, bahan bakar nuklir densitas tinggi, komposisi, struktur, densitas.
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