Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes a growing concern to world population due to the devastating effects of its chronic complications. An estimated number of people with diabetes are projected to rise from 171 million in 2000 to 366 million in 2030. Glucose intolerance is the intermediate stage between normal glucose tolerance and diabetes. It results in ketoacidosis and hyperglycemia causing immune dysfunction. Patients with diabetes mellitus are therefore predisposed to cutaneous infections. If remain unnoticed, undiagnosed in the early stages or not treated properly such infections may get complicated and can even prove lethal. It therefore becomes imperative to recognize signs and symptoms of such infections and approach them appropriately or refer the patient to a diabetologist or dermatologist. Our review literature is a comprehensive communication involving several cutaneous infections that manifest more frequently, with greater severity; or with an elevated risk for complications in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Abstract-Inorganic elements are essential for growth and development of the plants grown either in vivo or in vitro. During in vitro differentiation, the minerals are absorbed from the basal medium and used during cell proliferation and differentiation. There are number of reports to understand mineral metabolism in sugarcane with reference to productivity studies, crop logging, mineral deficiencies and physiological role in sugar metabolism. During present investigation, major and minor elements are analyzed from the three stages (IC, IM and IR) of differentiating tissues
Abstract-Sugarcane tissue culture is frequently used for the developmental studies during organogenesis .Organogenesis is complicated process involving cellular, molecular and tissue level change in the metabolism. The unorganized mass of cells differentiates in to shoots by undergoing modifications in the metabolic reaction etc. It is necessary to study there metabolic change by investigating glucose utilization pattern. However there are no reports on C 14 glucose uptakes studies in 3 organogenetic stages. During short term feeding the highest glucose activity is observed in callus stage and it declines as the tissue dedifferentiates into shoots. Similar pattern is observed during long term exposure. It indicates that C 14 glucose utilization pattern depends on the organogenetic stage and its requirements are higher at the initial callus stage than in the completely regenerative shoots.
In all living organisms there is an increasing procession of chemical reactions and processes, which leads to fundamental internal changes. Living substance is constantly being torn down and built up. The general activities of protoplasm are being maintained. Waste products are being eliminated and vast amount of energy in constantly being expended. The sum total of these processes and changes is called metabolism. The present investigation was under taken to study the changes in organic metabolites of different regenerated stages in sugarcane var. co 740. The organic matters like chlorophyll, protein, proline, and polyphenols, reducing sugar, total sugar starch, moisture percentage and TAN were analyzed.
This study was designed to elucidate the signalling pathways by which secretary phospholipase a2 (sPLA2s) induce in vitro neutrophil migration and PLA2 inhibits platelet aggregation in PRP and explains the decreased clot retraction and retarded and compromised elasticity build up. Naja naja venoms are complex and contain several toxic components, including neurotoxins and phospholipases A2 that cause post-synaptic neuromuscular blockade with respiratory paralysis and cardiac arrest. The antigenic epitopes on phospholipase a2 (Pla2) are important determinant of protection against venom. In this analysis, we found the antigenic epitopes 29-GRGGSGTPVDD-39, 77-TCKGDNNACA-86, of protein called the antigenic determinant or the epitope is sufficient for eliciting the desired immune response. Also predict the MHC binder and these MHC Class peptide segments are from a set of aligned peptides known to bind to a given major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule as the predictor of MHC-peptide binding. Binding ability prediction of antigen peptides to MHC class molecules is important in vaccine development. The method integrates prediction of peptide MHC class binding; proteasomal C terminal cleavage efficiency of protein.
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