Abstract. The article gives results of the surveys water management systems, auto repair companies, bus compamies, taxis, fleets of trucks, production and technical enterprises. Studied technological processes of primary production: cleaning engines, flushing of radiators and parts of batteries, testing of fuel tanks, cleaning of parts and units, exterior washing and painting of motor vehicles. There were carried out field examinations of local industrial wastewater treatment facilities industrial wastewater and onsite construction runoff, the laboratory-production work to identify quantitative and qualitative indicators of the incoming and treated effluents, including petroleum products, suspended matter, salinity, synthetic surfactants, heavy metals etc. Proposed sustainable solutions for the improvement of the work of treatment facilities of rain sewage by mechanical and physical and chemical methods, including horizontal sand catchers, septic tanks -oil separator, a cascade of pressure filters with granular mineral over-loading and high-performance sorption materials, the effectiveness of treatment meets the requirements of water for its re-use for technical needs, and discharge to water bodies.
Surface run-off from developed urban territories, be it orderly disposed surface run-off or diffused surface run-off, is among the main sources of man-made pollution and degradation of urban water bodies lo-cated within the boundaries of Moscow. In the present-day context, the improvement of their ecological condition is possible only in case of im-plementation of measures aimed at the reduction of human-induced impact on water bodies, elimination of accumulated environmental damage, re-covery of their self-purification ability and groundwater protection against pollution. The authors give the results of the seasonal monitoring of sur-face run-off composition and the composition of sludge produced by the treatment facilities located on urban territories of different functional pur-pose. The studies proved the idea that the application of polymeric floccu-lants intensifies the process of dewatering the sludge produced by treat-ment facilities in different seasons. The criteria characterizing the main ef-ficiency indices for the selection of technological approaches and equip-ment, were developed based on generalized and summarized experience in seasonal observations and evaluation of process and hydraulic parameters of the operation of surface run-off treatment facilities.
Abstract. The article gives results of the surveys water management systems, auto repair companies, bus compamies, taxis, fleets of trucks, production and technical enterprises. Studied technological processes of primary production: cleaning engines, flushing of radiators and parts of batteries, testing of fuel tanks, cleaning of parts and units, exterior washing and painting of motor vehicles. There were carried out field examinations of local industrial wastewater treatment facilities industrial wastewater and onsite construction runoff, the laboratory-production work to identify quantitative and qualitative indicators of the incoming and treated effluents, including petroleum products, suspended matter, salinity, synthetic surfactants, heavy metals etc. Proposed sustainable solutions for the improvement of the work of treatment facilities of rain sewage by mechanical and physical and chemical methods, including horizontal sand catchers, septic tanks -oil separator, a cascade of pressure filters with granular mineral over-loading and high-performance sorption materials, the effectiveness of treatment meets the requirements of water for its re-use for technical needs, and discharge to water bodies.
The article gives the characteristics of the system of removal and purification of surface wastewater in Moscow. One of the features of this system is the large-scale use of hydrographic network of the city as elements of the drainage network. Currently improvement of the ecological state of water objects is only possible if to reduce anthropogenic load on them and watersheds, to recover self-cleaning abilities of water bodies and the to protect groundwater from contamination. The article reveals results of research, and contains technological parameters for facilities of surface sewage water purification and recommendations to improve their operation. Article also gives technical solutions to upgrade operated wastewater treatment systems and to ensure the achievement of required standards of treatment of surface runoff when dilution in water. Along with proposals for the reconstruction and construction of wastewater treatment plants with the classical technology of surface water treatment, it is necessary to consider the principle of decentralization with the use of local treatment facilities.
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