The aim of this paper was to describe perceptions and experiences of school support for pupils with learning and behavioural difficulties from the perspective of parents and their children. Interviews were conducted with 33 participants in 10 families at risk. Inductive thematic analysis showed that the key topic was to explain how behaviour and learning difficulties unnoticed by the school progress to behaviour and learning problems and problems in the family environment. The results suggest that family members perceive school as extremely important in their value system, and that schooling is a key topic present throughout childhood, burdening children as well as parents. Behaviour/learning problems are evident from the start of elementary school. To solve such problems, parents seek help first from school experts, and later from experts working in other services. From the parents’ perspective, they find neither understanding nor help, and they feel that they are usually left to cope with problems on their own. Therefore, progression of problems and their spread into non-academic types of problems are evident. In cases where schools ensure some kind of interventions, the perspective of research participants is that they are not matched with the type or intensity of the child’s needs. As experience from the research participants show, calls for help and assistance often come from parents, or even the children themselves. That means that it is unnecessary to motivate parents to participate in interventions, so the lack of school interest in providing support to parents and pupils is surprising. Possible school interventions that are focused on the needs of children with behaviour and learning difficulties are proposed in the discussion.

Sveučilište u Zagrebu Edukacijsko-rehabilitacijski fakultet SAŽETAK Donošenje odluke o promjeni predstavlja važnu temu u kontekstu promjene ponašanja kod mladih koji su počinili neko od kaznenih ili prekršajnih djela i koji su obuhvaćeni nekom od intervencija u sustavu socijalne skrbi. Takve strategije o promjeni ponašanja rijetko su istraživane, a mladi kojima je izrečena posebna obveza uključivanja u individualni ili grupni psihosocijalni tretman u savjetovalištu za mlade predstavljaju zanimljivu skupinu za proučavanje kognitivnih procesa koji prethode promjeni ponašanja iz nekoliko, najčešće kontradiktornih, razloga: posebna obveza im je naložena/ izrečena te ih netko (u ovom slučaju sud) »prisiljava« na promjenu ponašanju, dok se istovremeno nalaze u procesu savjetovanja, za koji je svojstvena dobrovoljnost, odnosno motiviranost za sudjelovanje i promjenu. Zato

Kako je ishod psihosocijalnih intervencija promjena ponašanja prema zdravijim ili društveno prihvatljivijim oblicima, sam fenomen postaje složen za proučavanje ukoliko fokus pomaknemo s pojedinca na cijeli obiteljski sustav. U tom području nedostaju istraživanja i teorijske spoznaje. Zato je primarna namjera ovog rada ponuditi operacionalizaciju koncepta obiteljske spremnosti na promjenu prvenstveno utemeljen na pregledu individualnih teorija spremnosti na promjenu te kritičkom promišljanju o njima u kontekstu obitelji kao sustava. Na početku rada, dano je detaljno pojašnjenje koncepata spremnosti na promjenu i spremnosti na intervenciju. Kako ne postoji teorija koja objašnjava spremnost na promjenu obiteljskog sustava, predstavljeno je pet teorijskih koncepata koji objašnjavaju promjenu ponašanja pojedinca, a koji mogu pomoći u konceptualiziranju ključnih aspekata koje je važno obuhvatiti ukoliko istražujemo spremnost na promjenu obiteljskog sustava. Konačno, daje se pregled obiteljske sistemske teorije te se u tom kontekstu promišlja o značenju obiteljske spremnosti na promjenu. Rad završava prijedlogom operacionalizacije koncepta obiteljske spremnosti na promjenu utemeljenom na predstavljenim teorijama te se promišlja o daljnjim smjerovima znanstveno utemeljene provjere tog konstrukta.

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Summary: The comic book art technique is rarely analysed as an illustrative and projective technique within the field of mental health and prevention of behavioural problems of children and young people. That is why the aim of this study is directed towards analysing the potentials of comic book art as a projective technique. The evaluation results of the Mostly Sunny project were used, and qualitative research methods were applied. The data were obtained through focus groups and thematic framework analysis was conducted. Through thematic framework analysis 21 dimensions were recognized. Adolescents are known for their difficulties in verbalizing their thoughts and emotions. Various approaches have been used in dealing with mental health problems of adolescents. A visual approach to the issue of mental health, such as the use of comic books, has shown positive results. The evaluation of young peoples answers has proven that this method was a way for them to get in touch with their own feelings and to talk about them without having to be afraid of what others might think. This may also be a good approach for young people in the future because it provides a safe environment, which is something different in the context/ field of working with a specific and vulnerable population. By analysing these dimensions, it is possible to conclude that the comic created through this project is easy to use because it is short and eventful, it allows the participants of the program to work together on their experiences which initiates developmental processes such as emotional literacy or the integration of other people's messages about themselves. Key words: comic book art; prevention of emotional and behavioural problems; thematic analysis.