Factor analytic studies of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) have provided support for the concepts of state and trait anxiety. This article reports the factor structure of the STAI (Form X) using 205 panic-disordered patients with and without agoraphobia. Results show that a two-factor oblique solution is the most appropriate, accounting for 41.1 per cent of the variance. Eighteen of the A-State items had salient loadings on factor 1 (state anxiety) and all 20 of the A-Trait items had salient loadings on factor 2 (trait anxiety). This study demonstrates the utility of the STAI in measuring anxiety in clinical populations and further supports the theoretical distinction between state and trait anxiety.
The dimensionality of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) was examined utilizing an Australian sample (n = 196) of alcoholics. This study was specifically designed to overcome some of the problems with sampling and analytic techniques used in previous studies. Three moderately intercorrelated factors were revealed which covered (a) alcohol-related disabilities; (b) help-seeking behaviour and (c) recognition of a drinking problem. These factors were found to be internally consistent as shown by moderate to high alpha coefficients. Results indicate that the additive system of scoring all 24 items may result in an underestimation of the information afforded by the MAST.
The NHS data appears to underestimate the population of heavy drinkers, whereas the Ledermann model overestimates it. In this situation, it seems preferable to use the more conservative self-report survey estimates.
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