Poisson Regression analysis is commonly used for dependent variable that has non-negative value, called count data. Poisson Regression has an assumption that mean of dependent variable equal to its variance. On over dispersion case where the variance is greater than mean, poisson regression is inconvenient to used because it may underestimate the standard error of regression parameters and consequently giving misleading inference. Poisson-Inverse Gaussian and Negative Binomial regression model can be used on over dispersion data. This paper will discuss about Poisson-Inverse Gaussian regression model, Negative Binomial regression model and comparing them in terms of Goodness-of-fit (GOF) statistics on case study of horseshoe crabs data. According to the result, pseudo R-squared value of P-IG regression model is greater than the Negative Binomial regression model. It shows that P-IG regression model is better than Negative Binomial regression model.

Malnutrisi pada tumor disebabkan oleh inflamasi sistemik yang menyebabkan proteolisis, lipolisis dan anoreksia. Meski anoreksia pada tumor sering dikaitkan dengan adanya inflamasi, penekanan pada hipotalamus karena tumor juga dapat menyebabkan anoreksia. Studi kasus pada anak usia 11 tahun 5 bulan yang dikonsultasikan dengan lemas, malnutrisi berat dan kolelitiasis. Pasien mengalami mual, muntah, tidak nafsu makan, dan penurunan berat badan (BB) sebanyak 12 kg sejak 2 bulan sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Asupan per 24 jam sebanyak 150 kkal. BB pasien 18 kg, tinggi badan (TB) 123 cm, indeks massa tubuh (IMT) 11.9 kg/m2. Hasil MRI kepala menunjukan adanya massa pada regio suprasellar, suspek germinoma. Pasien didiagnosa dengan tumor suprasellar, gizi buruk (skor-z IMT untuk usia (IMT/U) -4.19) dan perawakan sangat pendek (skor-z TB untuk usia -3.33). Diagnosa metabolisme adalah hipermetabolisme dan status gastrointestinal fungsional. Terapi nutrisi diberikan berdasarkan tatalaksana malnutrisi anak oleh World Health Organization (WHO). Target awal pemberian nutrisi adalah 1500 kkal/hari (83 kkal/kgBB/hari). Pemberian dimulai dari 600 kkal/hari, lalu ditingkatkan bertahap hingga mencapai 2700 kkal/hari (123 kkal/kgBB/hari). Pasien pulang dengan peningkatan berat badan sebanyak 4.3 kg, IMT 14.7 kg/m2, skor-z -1.53, status gizi kurang gizi. Berkurangnya ukuran massa tumor diikuti dengan peningkatan nafsu makan.

Background: vitamin D has an important influence on the host’s immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity and regulating the inflammatory cascade. Vitamin D deficiency may be related with reduced immunomodulation, specifically in preventing the occurrence of chronic tonsillitis. Objective: to identify the association between vitamin D deficiency with chronic tonsillitis in pediatric patients. Methods: the search was conducted with advanced searching on PubMed® and Cochrane® according to the clinical question. The screening of title and abstract using inclusion and exclusion criteria, double filter, and reading full text led to six useful articles. The selected studies were critically appraised for validity, importance, and applicability.  Results: three original articles were eligible for this evidence-based case report. All studies were considered to have good validity. All three studies reported an increased risk of chronic tonsillitis with the vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with the increased risk of chronic or recurrent tonsillitis in children.

A B S T R A C TBackground: vitamin D has an important influence on the host’s immune system bymodulating both innate and adaptive immunity and regulating the inflammatorycascade. Vitamin D deficiency may be related with reduced immunomodulation,specifically in preventing the occurrence of chronic tonsillitis. Objective: to identify theassociation between vitamin D deficiency with chronic tonsillitis in pediatric patients.Methods: the search was conducted with advanced searching on PubMed® andCochrane® according to the clinical question. The screening of title and abstract usinginclusion and exclusion criteria, double filter, and reading full text led to six usefularticles. The selected studies were critically appraised for validity, importance, andapplicability. Results: three original articles were eligible for this evidence-based casereport. All studies were considered to have good validity. All three studies reported anincreased risk of chronic tonsillitis with the vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency.Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with the increased risk of chronicor recurrent tonsillitis in children.

Enterocutaneous fistulae (ECF) is a common complication in open abdominal surgeries which is commonly fixed  by creating a stoma. High-output ECF defined as production of fistulae more than 500 mL per day. It is one of the complications that can occur in the presence of a stoma, and it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, adequate management of high output ECF and stoma is important. Administration of isotonic solution is one of techniques proven to be beneficial in reducing stoma output and allowing persistent luminal stimulation. We reported a case of high-ileostomy and ECF output in which isotonic solution conveyed improvement in clinical outcome.

Background: vitamin D has an important influence on the host’s immune system by modulating both innate and adaptive immunity and regulating the inflammatory cascade. Vitamin D deficiency may be related with reduced immunomodulation, specifically in preventing the occurrence of chronic tonsillitis. Objective: to identify the association between vitamin D deficiency with chronic tonsillitis in pediatric patients. Methods: the search was conducted with advanced searching on PubMed® and Cochrane® according to the clinical question. The screening of title and abstract using inclusion and exclusion criteria, double filter, and reading full text led to six useful articles. The selected studies were critically appraised for validity, importance, and applicability. Results: three original articles were eligible for this evidence-based case report. All studies were considered to have good validity. All three studies reported an increased risk of chronic tonsillitis with the vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with the increased risk of chronic or recurrent tonsillitis in children.