Objective: Approximately 1-2 of every 1000 American newborns has hearing loss identified by newborn screening. This study was designed to determine if infant hearing loss is more common in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities. Study Design: In this retrospective study we analyzed electronic medical record data using geostatistical models. Setting: Infants were residents of Durham County, NC, born in two hospitals of the Duke University Health System. This county includes the city of Durham and surrounding suburban and rural communities. Subjects: Subjects were hearing-screened newborns, born between 2005 and 2016, whose residential address was in Durham County, NC. Methods: This was a retrospective study using medical record data. We used Bayesian regression models with smoothing of coordinate date to identify both spatial and non-spatial predictors of infant hearing loss.