The objective of this work was to evaluate peroxidase activity and protein concentration in the defence system expression of common bean Phaseolus vulgaris L., submitted to different potencies of homeopathic preparations. The treatments were composed by: Arsenicum album, Staphisagria, Silicea and Sulphur, in the 6, 12 and 18 CH potencies, compared to the controls. The bean seeds were sown in pots which were kept in a greenhouse and the treatments were applied to them at 1% in distilled water since the sowing day, with intervals of 15 days until the R7 stage. The first evaluation was performed at 15 e 60 days after sowing, after artificial mechanical damage. Protein concentration and the activity of guaiacol peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes were determined. Differences between treatments and controls were estimated by Glass Delta effect size analysis. Staphisagria 12CH induced greater increase in protein concentration on bean leaves. The Induction on APX and POD activities were observed in leaves treated with Sulphur in all tested potencies. The Glass Delta effect showed undulatory behaviour, sometimes acting positively, sometimes negatively, throughout all evaluations. Homeopathic preparations have the potential to induce biochemical defence mechanisms in beans, acting as resistance elicitors.
The objective was to evaluate the effect of efficient microorganisms (EM) on common bean plants subjected to water stress. Bean plants were cultivated in a greenhouse which were subjected to treatments with different levels pot capacity (CP) (100; 75 and 50% CP) and/or efficient microorganism (EM) in the dilution of 1:20 or 1:100. The variables analyzed were gas exchange, water use efficiency (WUE), fluorescence and chlorophyll concentration, as well as biometric analysis. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test (p < 0.05). Under severe water stress (50% CP) the photosynthetic rate (A) reduced 77% as well as the stomatal conductance. The treatment with EM 1:100 showed transpiration about 3 times higher than the treatment without EM, carboxylative efficiency 3 times higher and initial fluorescence (F0) 1.2 times higher than the other treatments. Under moderate water stress (75% CP) the A reduced by 64%, plants treated with EM 1:100 increased the unregulated energy (compared to plants without EM incorporation and the values of EM were maintained, WUE by these treatments. At both levels of water stress the non-photochemical regulated energy dissipation in plants increased with the application of EM 1:20 and EM 1:100 compared to the control, both treatments with EM increased the F0 by 1,7 (EM 1:100) and 1.33 (EM 1:20). Plants had reduced height, stem diameter, fresh biomass and dry for all treatments compared to the control (100% CP). The treatments with EM reduced the leaf area and EM 1:20 was superior. Efficient microorganisms promoted possible resistance to water deficit, indicating the need for further studies. It was concluded that the use of EM appears to be promising, requiring further studies regarding its effects.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.