Canine mesenchymal cells (MSCs) derived from Wharton's jelly were co-cultured, then supplemented or not supplemented with platelet rich plasma (PRP) and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) to verify osteogenic differentiation. Osteoblastic differentiation followed by mineralized bone matrix production was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) when MSCs were associated with PRP/DBM in culture after 14-21-days of induction. Osteopontin and osteocalcin gene expression were significantly superior (p < 0.05) under the same culture conditions after 21 days of observation. In conclusion, addition of PRP to DBM co-cultured with MSCs successfully induced osteogenesis in vitro.

The aim of this study was to assess the cardiopulmonary, analgesic, adverse effects, serum concentration of cortisol and plasma levels of levobupivacaine and morphine in bitches undergoing propofol anesthesia and epidural analgesia with levobupivacaine alone or combined with morphine. This was a randomized 'blinded' prospective clinical study using 32 adult bitches weighing 9.8±4.1kg that were admitted for elective ovariohysterectomy. Twenty minutes after administration of acepromazine and midazolam, anesthesia was induced with propofol (4mg kg -1 ) and maintained by a continuous rate infusion (CRI). Each animal was randomly assigned to one of four epidural groups: GL = levobupivacaine alone (0.33mg kg -1 ); GLM0.1 = levobupivacaine and morphine (0.1mg kg -1 ); GLM0.15 = levobupivacaine and morphine (0.15mg kg -1 ); and GLM0.2 = levobupivacaine and morphine (0.2mg kg -1 ). Variables obtained during anesthesia were heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic, mean and diastolic arterial blood pressures, oxyhemoglobin saturation, inspired oxygen fraction, end-tidal carbon dioxide tension, blood gases, serum cortisol, and plasma levels of levobupivacaine and morphine. The onset and duration times of the blockade were recorded. Arterial pressures were significantly increased in all groups at the times of ovarian pedicle clamping. There was a decrease in pH, together with an increase in both PaO 2 and PaCO 2 over time. Serum cortisol levels were increased in TESu compared to TB, T30 and TR. Limb spasticity, muscle tremors, opisthotonos and diarrhea were observed in some animals during propofol infusion and ceased with the end of CRI. Reactions happened at different moments and lasted for different periods of time in each individual. Epidural with levobupivacaine alone or combined with morphine allowed for ovariohysterectomy to be performed under low propofol infusion rates, with minimal changes in cardiovascular variables and in serum cortisol levels. Adverse effects were observed in very few animals in each group. Keywords: dog, opioid, ovariohysterectomy, blood gas, regional anaesthesia (0,33mg/kg); GLM0,1 = levobupivacaína + morfina (0,1mg/kg); GLM0,15 = levobupivacaína + morfina (0,15mg/kg) e GLM0,2 = levobupivacaína + morfina (0,2mg/kg RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos cardiovasculares, analgésico, adversos, a concentração sérica de cortisol e os níveis plasmáticos de levobupivacaína e morfina em cadelas submetidas à infusão contínua de propofol e analgesia peridural com levobupivacaína isolada ou associada à morfina. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo clínico prospectivo randomizado com 32 cadelas adultas pesando 9,8 ± 4,1kg, que foram submetidas à ovário-histerectomia eletiva. Vinte minutos após a administração de acepromazina e midazolam, os animais foram induzidos com propofol (4mg/kg) e mantidos por uma infusão contínua (CRI) do mesmo fármaco. Cada animal foi alocado aleatoriamente em um dos quatro grupos: GL = levobupivacaína isolada

Conception, design, intellectual and scientific content of the study, critical revision. ABSTRACT PURPOSE:To investigate cardiorespiratory effects and serum concentration of ropivacaine combined with morphine at different doses. METHODS:Sixteen healthy adult female dogs weighting 9.8±4.1 kg were included in the study. Twenty minutes after being premedicated with acepromazine and midazolam, the animals were randomly assigned to receive an epidural injection according to each group: RM0.15 = ropivacaine + morphine (0.15 mg kg -1 ) and RM0.2 = ropivacaine + morphine (0.2 mg kg -1 ). Variables recorded consisted of: heart rate and cardiac rhythm, respiratory rate, oxyhemoglobin saturation, inspired oxygen fraction, end-tidal carbon dioxide tension, systolic, mean and diastolic arterial pressures, serum cortisol, plasma ropivacaine and morphine.RESULTS: SAP, MAP and DAP were significantly increased at TPR in RM0.15 but returned to normal values at the end of the procedure. Arterial pH was decreased in T30 and TESu in both groups and also returned to acceptable ranges at TR. Both PaO 2 and PaCO 2 were increased along the duration period of the epidural blockade (T30 and TESu) and returned to acceptable values at TR.Serum cortisol was lower at TB, T30 and TR when compared to TESu. CONCLUSION:The procedures were performed safely and minimal changes in cardiovascular and respiratory variables.

This study aimed to demonstrate and to correlate possible methods for neonatal assessment in dogs born by elective cesarean surgery using inhalation anesthesia, enhancing its advantages and disadvantages as well as proposing lactate measurement as an adjunctive method of evaluation. After elective cesarean surgery of four bitches subjected to morphine premedication followed by propofol induction and sevoflurane anesthesia, 30 neonates were evaluated through blood sampling from the umbilical cord for lactate measurement and blood gas analyses, as well as neurological and cardiorespiratory assessment at birth and at 10 minutes of age. The neonates presented respiratory acidosis and acidemia at birth related to blood lactate values (4.98±1.39mmol/L). Neurological and cardiorespiratory depressions were present at birth with recovery at 10 minutes and no complications were observed during the first 30 days of life. The methods for neonatal assessment used in this study are safe when appropriately interpreted and the effects of general anesthesia on neonates were transient. Blood lactate obtained from the umbilical cord can be an option for the evaluation of these patients.

ResumoAvaliar a aplicação clínica do implante da membrana amniótica canina criopreservada em DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Médium) e DMSO 4 (dimetilsulfóxido) na proporção 1:1 e do enxerto conjuntival 360º no tratamento de úlceras de córnea profundas. Um total de dez cães de diferentes raças, machos e fêmeas, com idades de quatro meses a quatro anos, com ulceração corneal profunda e evolução clínica diferente foram alocados em dois grupos: G1= enxerto conjuntival 360º fórnice-baseado (n=5) e G2= implante de membrana amniótica, suturada na borda da úlcera com sua face epitelial voltada para cima, associada ao recobrimento com a terceira pálpebra (n=5). Foram realizadas análises comparativas entre grupos em relação aos parâmetros clínicos: complicações, blefarospasmo, secreção ocular, vascularização corneal, defeito epitelial e opacificação corneal em seis momentos (primeiro atendimento de emergência, cirurgia e três, sete, 15, 30 dias pós-operatórios). Na ausência de defeito epitelial foi avaliada a qualidade da cicatriz. Utilizou-se escala subjetiva de escore para se qualificarem os sinais oftálmicos. No G1, não se observou aderência do enxerto conjuntival 360º na úlcera (n=2), deiscência da sutura do enxerto (n=2), sinéquia anterior (n=2) e intensa quemose (n=1). No G2, não foram observadas estas complicações. Não houve diferença estatística entre grupos para outros parâmetros oftálmicos, porém houve diferença entre momentos inicial e final no mesmo grupo (secreção ocular, vascularização e defeito epitelial). A cicatriz corneal apresentou-se densa e desorganizada no G1. De acordo com os resultados clínicos, o implante da membrana amniótica criopreservada provou ser mais eficaz no tratamento de úlceras de córnea profunda em comparação ao enxerto conjuntival 360º por, provavelmente, promover melhor suporte trófico para epitelização, associado ao efeito antinflamatório importante para o resultado fenotípico final. Palavras-chave: Córnea, úlcera da córnea, âmnio, transplante de tecidos, transplante homólogo, cães AbstractTo evaluate the clinical application of implant of the canine cryopreserved amniotic membrane (DMEM plus DMSO 1:1) and 360° conjunctival flap in the treatment of progressive corneal ulceration. 10 dogs of the different breeds, males and females, aging four months to four years old with deep corneal ulceration and different clinical progression were divided in two groups: G1=360° conjunctival graft (n=5) and G2=implant of amniotic membrane, sutured at the edge of the ulcer with epithelial side facing up, associated with the third eyelid flap (n=5). The comparative analysis between groups was: 1 Discente(s) do curso de pós-graduação,

ResumoAvaliar a aplicação clínica do implante da membrana amniótica canina criopreservada em DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Médium) e DMSO 4 (dimetilsulfóxido) na proporção 1:1 e do enxerto conjuntival 360º no tratamento de úlceras de córnea profundas. Um total de dez cães de diferentes raças, machos e fêmeas, com idades de quatro meses a quatro anos, com ulceração corneal profunda e evolução clínica diferente foram alocados em dois grupos: G1= enxerto conjuntival 360º fórnice-baseado (n=5) e G2= implante de membrana amniótica, suturada na borda da úlcera com sua face epitelial voltada para cima, associada ao recobrimento com a terceira pálpebra (n=5). Foram realizadas análises comparativas entre grupos em relação aos parâmetros clínicos: complicações, blefarospasmo, secreção ocular, vascularização corneal, defeito epitelial e opacificação corneal em seis momentos (primeiro atendimento de emergência, cirurgia e três, sete, 15, 30 dias pós-operatórios). Na ausência de defeito epitelial foi avaliada a qualidade da cicatriz. Utilizou-se escala subjetiva de escore para se qualificarem os sinais oftálmicos. No G1, não se observou aderência do enxerto conjuntival 360º na úlcera (n=2), deiscência da sutura do enxerto (n=2), sinéquia anterior (n=2) e intensa quemose (n=1). No G2, não foram observadas estas complicações. Não houve diferença estatística entre grupos para outros parâmetros oftálmicos, porém houve diferença entre momentos inicial e final no mesmo grupo (secreção ocular, vascularização e defeito epitelial). A cicatriz corneal apresentou-se densa e desorganizada no G1. De acordo com os resultados clínicos, o implante da membrana amniótica criopreservada provou ser mais eficaz no tratamento de úlceras de córnea profunda em comparação ao enxerto conjuntival 360º por, provavelmente, promover melhor suporte trófico para epitelização, associado ao efeito antinflamatório importante para o resultado fenotípico final. Palavras-chave: Córnea, úlcera da córnea, âmnio, transplante de tecidos, transplante homólogo, cães AbstractTo evaluate the clinical application of implant of the canine cryopreserved amniotic membrane (DMEM plus DMSO 1:1) and 360° conjunctival flap in the treatment of progressive corneal ulceration. 10 dogs of the different breeds, males and females, aging four months to four years old with deep corneal ulceration and different clinical progression were divided in two groups: G1=360° conjunctival graft (n=5) and G2=implant of amniotic membrane, sutured at the edge of the ulcer with epithelial side facing up, associated with the third eyelid flap (n=5). The comparative analysis between groups was: 1 Discente(s) do curso de pós-graduação,

This article investigates the electrocardiographic and blood pressure changes caused by different doses of morphine administered epidurally to bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Twenty-four healthy bitches weighing 9.8 ± 4.1 kg were assigned to three experimental groups (in each group, n = 8): (i) group M0.1: 0.1 mg/kg morphine; (ii) group M0.15: 0.15 mg/kg morphine; and (iii) group M0.2: 0.2 mg/kg morphine. In all groups, levobupivacaine was added to achieve a total volume of 0.33 mL/kg. During the procedures, the following parameters were controlled: heart rate and rhythm, systolic blood pressure, rectal temperature and blood lactate. The data were analyzed by means of statistical methods of analysis of variance, such as Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher and Tukey tests. Epidural morphine did not cause significant electrocardiographic or blood pressure changes in the tested doses, which makes the use of this drug a viable alternative for epidural anesthesia.