This study was developed aiming to compile data concerning the occurrence and distribution of social wasp species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, as well as recording exclusive and rare species. For this purpose, we compiled studies from the specialized literature and created a table containing the species occurrence in the different states which present the phytogeographic domain. A total of 170 species was recorded, corresponding to almost a half of the richness of social wasps in Brazil, including 50 endemic, with highlight to Rio de Janeiro state, which nevertheless is insufficiently sampled. This way, from this work, it is concluded that Brazilian Atlantic Forest must be seen as an important refuge for Polistinae.
The present study was developed aiming to evaluate the richness and biogeography of social wasp species in the Brazilian savanna, Cerrado. In order to do so, we gathered data from specialized literature and field samplings performed at Sempre-Vivas National Park, northeastern Minas Gerais state. 18 genera and 137 species were recorded, with 4 endemic species of the Mischocytiarus genus. The results showed that Cerrado houses 40% of Brazilian Polistinae fauna and that Sempre-Vivas National Park is responsible for around 29% of this value, which makes it an important refuge for conservation of social wasps from Cerrado, as well as Mato Grosso state, due to its large number of restricted occurrence and endemic species. Nonetheless, there are Brazilian states and conservation units still lacking information for the taxon, making a bigger sampling effort in the Cerrado biome necessary, as it has been rapidly deteriorating due to human action.
Social insects use different strategies to defend their colonies, including camouflage. In order to expand knowledge, regarding the strategy of camouflage in social wasps, information is presented on the camouflage pattern of the species: Parachartergus smithii (De Saussure), Parachartergus wagneri Du Buysson, Chartergellus communis Richards, Metapolybia cingulata (Fabricius) and Mischocyttarus anthracinus Richards.These species are uncommon in inventory studies in Brazil. Records occur in different Conservation Units, between 2011 and 2019, in the Minas Gerais State, Brazil Southeastern. Camouflage seems to be the main defense strategy for these species, due to the color and shape of their nests in line with the substrate, as well as their docile behavior. The exception is Metapolybia cingulata, which in addition to camouflage shows aggressive behavior in some situations, which suggests the use of different strategies in the colony defense.
A crescente demanda por alternativas de operacionalização do gerenciamento dos recursos naturais fez da Valoração Econômica Ambiental (VEA) alvo de pesquisas multidisciplinares. Por ser um tema novo exige, para efetividade da proposta, que as pesquisas tratem da aplicação das metodologias para a identificação de problemas e soluções capazes de otimizar a VEA afim de torná-la uma ferramenta eficaz e consistente. Nesse contexto, este trabalho analisou o cenário da pesquisa brasileira e verificou a natureza do que vem sido abordado nos trabalhos revisados por pares que tratam da VEA. A análise foi feita por meio de uma revisão sistemática onde extraiu-se os trabalhos que continham os termos de busca “Valoração” e “Recursos Hídricos” na plataforma de busca científica Google Acadêmico para analisá-los, mensurá-los e identificar quantos deles cumpriram com a proposta de valorar o bem recurso hídrico, através da aplicação das metodologias adequadas para a captação dos componentes de valor do serviço ambiental. Foram analisados 367 trabalhos. Houve uma revalidação de cadastros para identificação dos objetivos e o rigor científico das metodologias. Desse total de publicações 19% correspondiam a publicações em revistas científicas onde 14% tratavam valoração do recurso hídrico. A classificação Qualis Periódicos chegou a 20% no estrato A, 70% no estrato B e 10% no estrato C. Conclui-se que apesar do Brasil ocupar posição de destaque em termos de recursos hídricos sua produção científica no campo da VEA ainda é incipientea mudança desse cenário possibilitará maior eficiência na gestão de recursos hídricos. Keywords: Ecosystems. Lotic and lentic systems. Environmental and ecological economics. Abstratc The growing demand for alternatives to manage natural resources made environmental economic valuation a target for interdisciplinary research. Once this is an incipient theme, it is needed to research methodologies able to identify problems and potential solutions to consolidate support to the environmental economic valuation (EEV). Considering this context, in this article the Brazilian research panorama was analyzed and the conceptual accuracy on workspublished on peer reviewed Brazilian journals was verified.For that purpose, it was made a systematic review on works listed on the Scholar Google base in which terms such as "valuation" and "water resources" were present. It was verified how many of them accomplished the propose of valuating water resources, considering the application of pertinent methods for capturing the value components of the environmental service. 367 works were part of this analysis, revalidating the records for identifying the objectives and methodological scientific criteria adopted on them. 19% of the total corresponded to publications in journals, of which just 14% really were about water resources valuation. On the Qualis classification system, 20% of such works were positioned in the A stratum, 70% in B stratum and 10% in C stratum. Itis concluded that despite Brazil occupying a highlight position in the terms of water resources, its literature is scarce and inexpressive. Therefore, it is essential to increase scientific production on EEV to provide a theoretical base for more effective water resources management.
The seasonal deciduous forest, also known as dry forest, is characterized by the deciduity of tree species and two well-defined seasons which cause drastic changes in its physiognomy, and the seasonality of rainy periods directly impacts the forest’s biological communities. Social wasps (Vespidae: Polistinae) are well documented. However, some ecosystems in which they occur, such as the deciduous forest, are still subsampled. This study aimed to assess the response of social wasp communities to the dry season in a deciduous forest in the Mata Seca State Park, in the North of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Insects were collected over 24 days divided into four field campaigns, each with six continuous days of collection (February, May, July, and November 2021), encompassing one campaign per season. All specimens were sacrificed and stored in 70% alcohol and later dry mounted for identification. The Kruskal-Wallis (KW) H test was performed to verify the difference between species richness, number of total colonies, and number of colonies of each tribe in relation to the collection station. In total, 131 colonies of eight species were located, particularly Polybia occidentalis (Olivier, 179), with 39 colonies, Polistes versicolor (Olivier, 1791), with 33, Mischocyttarus cassununga, with 21, and Protonectarina sylveirae (Saussure, 1854), with 13. Six species, five of which were from the Epiponini tribe, were collected in the four seasons. The responses of social wasps to the periods of drought in the deciduous forest vary with tribe. While Epiponini populations can keep colonies active in the dry season, Polistini cannot. Meanwhile, P. versicolor responds positively to the onset of the rainy season, increasing its population.
As vespas sociais utilizam vários substratos para nidificação, como já reportado para o gênero Mischocyttarus, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar novas nidificações de Mischocyttarus bertonii, assim ampliando informações ecológicas e etológicas da espécie. O estudo foi conduzido no Parque Estadual da Mata Seca e na Fazenda Escola do IFSULDEMINAS, Campus Inconfidentes, utilizando-se do método de busca ativa para a coleta dos espécimes. Foram registradas nidificações em plantas como Mangifera indica L., Cereus jamacaru DC. e ainda em um poste, estando em áreas conservadas ou antropizadas. As nidificações que ocorreram em M. indica L. podem ter ocorridas pela proteção contra intempéries e devido a fonte de alimento providenciada pela planta, já as que ocorreram em C. jamacaru e no poste pode ter ocorrido, também, pela proteção providenciada pelos substratos, além de serem um meio de defesa contra os predadores através dos espinhos dos cactos ou reduzir a pressão da predação como no poste. Por fim, o estudo conclui que, a espécie M. bertonii é bem versátil em relação a escolha do ecossistema para a nidificação, podendo estar presentes tanto em ambientes antropizados ou conservados, utilizando comumente substratos como as cactaceae, mas sugerindo ainda uma adaptação aos ambientes antropizados.
Vespas sociais (Hymenoptera) desempenham importantes papéis nos ecossistemas terrestres, incluindo relações tróficas, nas quais são predadoras de diferentes táxons, entretanto, não há informações sobre alimentação de muitas espécies. Nesse aspecto, o objetivo deste estudo é relatar a predação de um Mantodea adulto pela vespa social Polistes cinerascens, registrado no Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio, uma unidade de conservação da Mata Atlântica, ao acaso em 13 de outubro de 2014 no sudeste brasileiro. O comportamento descrito é similar ao de outras espécies de Polistes quando predam presas grandes, às vezes até maiores que a vespa social. Considerando que vespas sociais são vistas como predadoras generalistas, e pelo fato da maioria dos estudos de predação focarem em áreas agrícolas, o evento aqui apresentado pode ser frequente em ambientes naturais.
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