The two-stage model of inspection performance suggested in a previous paper was tested in laboratory conditions. Four subjects participated in an experiment to estimate the visual search and decision making components of an inspection task using light circular targets of low contrast on a dark empty field. Predicted and measured performance on the inspection task were compared. I t was found that the prediction of independence of component tasks and additivity was upheld. In predicting speedlaccuracy trade-of% the model's performance was better for the high contrast conditions than forthe more difficult low contrast conditions.
The ability of users to control cursor movement by tilting and nodding their head from side to side and front to back was examined in the present study. Ten non-handicapped subjects performed a target acquisition task with a head-based cursor control device and a stylus with a digitizing tablet. A similar pattern of acquisition times was found for both devices, with the stylus based performance being about 2.5 times faster than head based performance. Acquisition time with both devices was significantly affected by target size and movement amplitude and could be well described by Fitts law. Acquisition times were also affected by target location. For the head-based control device it took subjects significantly longer to position the cursor in the horizontal axis than in the vertical axis, while for the stylus forward movement of the hand (up on the display) took longer. Several interpretations for these results as well as some practical implications are provided.
Time-shared tasks may conceivably be separable or integral. A case in which the question of separability seems quite relevant is dual-axis tracking. To test the interaction between tracking dimensions, we first studied whether they interfere with each other. Practiced subjects performed tracking on one or two axes, with or without feedback indicators and with or without a requirement to allocate resources unevenly between axes. They also performed with or without a concurrent binary classification of visually presented digits which were presented within a moving square that served as the target for tracking. Small deficits were found in the performance of both tracking and digit classification when performed together. However, the conditions of tracking did not have a discernible effect on either tracking or digit classification. Hence, the introduction of a second tracking axis probably does not have harmful consequences either on tracking itself or on any other task time-shared with tracking. Further studies were conducted to examine whether the absence of an effect of number of tracking axes is dues to their integrality. Ordinary position tracking was paired either with another similar task on the other axis or with a novel sort of tracking in which subjects had to continually match sizes of moving rectangles. Tasks were paired under both divided-attention and focused-attention instructions. No interference on position tracking was observed even when the types of task on the two axes differed, and no other evidence for integrality of the homogeneous task pairs was found.
Object The operating room is rich in digital data that must be rapidly gathered and integrated by caregivers, potentially distracting them from direct patient care. We hypothesized that current desktop computers could integrate enough electronically accessible perioperative data to present a unified, contextually appropriate snapshot of the patient to the operating room team without requiring any user intervention. Materials and methods We implemented a system that integrates data from surgical and anesthesia devices and information systems, as well as an active radiofrequency identification location tracking system, to create a comprehensive, unified, time-synchronized database of all digital Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (
A prolonged bicycle ergometer task at a fixed sub-maximal intensity was carried out under three experimental conditions, varying in terms of the amount of feedback about performance provided to subjects. Using a repeated-measures methodology, subjects were asked every 3 min. to rate their perceived exertion and to estimate their expected performance level. The data indicated that these two measures were highly correlated when no feedback was given. However, when feedback about performance was given, the expected performance level was accordingly adjusted whereas the measure of perceived exertion remained unchanged. These data were interpreted as indicating that perceived exertion was based on physiological processes whereas the measure of expected performance was largely based on a cognitive-anticipatory process. The temporal course of relationships between the level of perceived exertion and heart rate indicated that, whereas the two measures were initially related, this relationship disappeared after heart rate had reached its steady state level. These data suggest that physiological processes other than heart rate have become the source of exertion perceptions.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.