A Paleoictiofauna da Formação Romualdo, Cretáceo Inferior, da Bacia Sedimentar do Araripe, Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil. The Paleoictiofauna of the Romualdo Formation, Lower Cretaceous, of the Sedimentar of the Araripe Basin, Pernambuco, Northeast of Brazil. Resumo Os peixes fósseis da Bacia do Araripe são estudados desde o século XVII, possuindo um grande número de publicações, porém, poucos trabalhos abordam a porção oeste-sudoeste da bacia, nos estados de Pernambuco e Piauí. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a diversidade da paleoictiofauna da Formação Romualdo no estado de Pernambuco (porção sudoeste da bacia) e comparar com a diversidade conhecida no estado do Ceará (porção leste da bacia). O material de estudo compreende 564 fósseis provenientes de 40 sítios fossilíferos dos municípios de Araripina, Exu, Trindade, Ipubi e Ouricuri, depositados no acervo da Coleção Científica Paleontológica do Departamento de Geologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (DGEO-CTG-UFPE), tendo sido identificados 13 táxons: Vinctifer comptoni, Rhacolepis buccalis, Tharrhias araripis, Notelops brama, Cladocyclus gardneri, Calamopleurus cylindricus, Brannerion sp., Santanichthys diasii, Neoproscinetes penalvai, Axelrodichthys araripensis, Araripelepidotes temnurus, Paraeolops cearensis, Iansan beurleni. Foi aplicado o Índice de Shannon-Wiener visando conhecer a diversidade, o percentual das espécies e abundância no estado de Pernambuco. A espécie mais abundante foi V. comptoni (34,5%). R. buccalis (12,9%), C. gardneri (10,4%), Brannerion sp. (9%), N. brama (8,8%), T. araripis (7,9), C. cylindricus (6%) e S. diasii (4,7%), foram espécies de abundancia moderada. As espécies mais raras são N. penalvai (1,7%), A. araripensis (1,6%), A. temnurus (0,7%), P. cearensis (0,7%) e I. beurleni (0,7%). A associação fossilífera estudada apresenta maior semelhança com o município de Jardim, Ceará, devido à grande abundância de V.comptoni e a presença de R. buccalis, Brannerion sp., C. gardneri, C. cylindricus como espécies de ocorrência moderada. Palavras-chave: Paleoictiofauna; Formação Romualdo, Diversidade; Bacia do Araripe. AbstractFossil fish from the Araripe Basin have been studied since the 17th century, with a large number of publications, but few studies address the state of Pernambuco. The aim of this paper is to present the diversity of the Romualdo Formation paleoictiofauna in the state of Pernambuco (southwest portion of the basin) and to compare it with the known diversity in the state of Ceará (east-north portion of the basin). The study material comprises 564 fossils from 40 fossiliferous sites in the municipalities of Araripina, Exu, Trindade, Ipubi and Ouricuri, deposited in the collection of the Paleontological Scientific Collection of the Department of Geology of the Federal University of Pernambuco (DGEO-CTG-UFPE). 13 taxa were identified: Vinctifer comptoni, Rhacolepis buccalis, Tharrhias araripis, Notelops brama, Cladocyclus gardneri, Calamopleurus cylindricus e Brannerion sp., Santanichthys diasii, Neoproscinet...
The unusual association of fish and crabs from Romualdo Formation, Aptian–Albian of the Araripe sedimentary Basin, NE Brazil. In a study and collection of fossils from the Romualdo Formation in “Araripe pernambucano”, an association of Vinctifer comptoni and Rhacolepis buccalis with eubrachyurans and orithopsids crabs was observed in four calcareous nodules. Associations were discussed based on ecological and taphonomic hypotheses. It is noted from the degree of articulation of the organisms, that either the death or the availability of crab moults in the sediment possibly occurred before the death of the fish. In addition, the fish do not have teething consistent with feeding on crabs. Thus, this association would occur due to fossilization processes and not due to ecological interactions. The study also emphasized systematic and paleogeographic aspects of the groups. Romualdocarcinus salesi is probably related to the “higher” true crabs (Eubrachyura), a hypothesis already raised in previous works, due to the preservation of its dorsal carapace next to a pleon of subquadrangular shape similar to those seen in this group. The occurrence of Exucarcinus gonzagai associated with fish, in concretions in the shales, can raise the question of E. gonzagai and Araripecarcinus ferreirai species as synonyms. The data obtained with the survey of the paleogeographic distribution of fish and crabs in geological formations of correlated age corroborates the hypothesis of the Tethyan marine influence in Araripe. Keywords: ichthyolites, decapods, paleoecology, taphonomy, Santana Group, Cretaceous.
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