The main objective of the underline study is to examine the influence of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on financial and non-financial performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with the moderating role of access to finance. Because SMEs—due to fair reasons such as lack of resources and lack of managerial skill—are often unable to succeed in their mission, the managers look for much less risky and convenience factors to compete in the market. A variety of factors has been tested but the role of finance in this perspective has received minor attention. Hence, the underline study tested finance as a moderator between firm resources and their performance. To test the model, a structured questionnaire is used to collect data from 326 Pakistani SMEs. Structural equation modelling in AMOS is used to test the hypotheses. Our finding suggests that EO significantly enhances SME’s financial and non-financial performance in emerging economies. On the other hand, access to finance significantly moderates the relationship between EO and SME’s financial performance while it is not significantly moderating between EO and non-financial performance. This research recommends policymakers and practitioners to focus on accessing adequate finance while Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Development Authority encourages banks and financial institutions to facilitates SMEs. Furthermore, the possible implications have been discussed.

Corruption is a curse for any country, as it negatively affects the economic activities and drags the whole society to worst conditions by increasing the poverty and social inequities. Recently the most critical factor for doing business in Pakistan is corruption. In order to give a comprehensive picture of corruption in Pakistan this article (1) critically analyses the literature regarding corruption, its impact on society and the business environment specifically in Pakistan, (2) focuses on business-related factors of corruption, (3) presents various anti-corruption initiatives of Pakistani companies and foreign good examples. Based on our research this study emphasizes that the government should take corrective actions and strengthen institutions and should work in collaboration with the private and civil sector to control the uprising corruption problems. Awareness against corruption in business sphere and general public is very much needed and implementing possible anti-corruption tools, companies can positively contribute to the fight against corruption and Pakistan's economic and social development.

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Corruption is one of the biggest barriers to sustainable development. Several objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are directly linked with the fight against corruption, as it has an influence on the achievement of every single development goal. The aim of this research is to examine decision-making patterns in a typical corruption situation. The following research questions have been formulated: (1) what kind of decision-making approaches are effective against partners maintaining different strategies, and how do these relate to certain generations? (2) Is there a difference between the behavior patterns of employees of SMEs, large corporations, and the public sector in a situation that provides the opportunity for corruption? To answer these research questions, an agent-based corruption experiment was conducted, building on the prisoner’s dilemma. The relationship between cooperation and corruption was examined through the analysis of decision-making situations to uncover when and with which partners (artificial agents) the participants first start to cooperate or become corrupt. The results show that there is a significant difference in the propensity to cheat among different generations. Furthermore, the behavior patterns of employees of large corporations, SMEs, and the public sector also show deviation in a corruption situation.

This chapter provides an introduction to Service Management. First of all, the authors provide an overview of the special characteristics of services compared to the traditional goods-focused approach. They then examine the different approaches concerning services and a wide range of definitions of services. It is essential to understand the special attributes of services, because a different approach and leadership style is needed when compared to a production company. The service providers have to face a more heterogeneous environment, and with the advent of the internet, they have to compete with other companies across borders. With a better understanding of the concept of services, the authors examine service management as a means of discovering the most efficient way to manage services. Finally, they consider the special traits and attributes of the service market and the indication of a need for a new management concept. The authors introduce the popular and well-known service management approaches and a new approach: the Culture-Based Leadership Model of Services.