Distributed large-scale cyber attacks targeting the availability of computing and network resources still remains a serious threat. In order to limit the effects caused by those attacks and to provide a proactive defense, mitigation should move to the networks of Internet Service Providers. In this context, MTD is a technique that increases uncertainty due to an ever-changing attack surface. In combination with SDN, MTD has the potential to reduce the effects of a large-scale cyber attack. In this paper, we combine the defense techniques movingtarget using Software Defined Networking and investigate their effectiveness. We review current moving-target defense strategies and their applicability in context of large-scale cyber attacks and the networks of Internet Service Providers. Further, we enforce the implementation of moving target defense strategies using Software Defined Networks in a collaborative environment. In particular, we focus on ISPs that cooperate among trusted partners. We found that the effects of a large-scale cyber attack can be significantly reduced using the moving-target defense and Software Defined Networking. Moreover, we show that Software Defined Networking is an appropriate approach to enforce implementation of the moving target defense and thus mitigate the effects caused by large-scale cyber attacks.
Heterogeneity and distribution of communications services and resources impose new requirements on fault management. Support staff performing fault diagnosis has to be supported with sophisticated tools, like enabling a simple and fast access to problem-solving expertise. This paper presents an approach for the storage and retrieval of problem-solving expertise by introducing the concept of a master ticket. The idea is to generalize information about a fault and store this information in a master ticket. Problem-solving expertise is obtained by the retrieval and the instantiation of a useful master ticket. A structure on the master ticket repository is defined by specifying relationships between master tickets, which guide the operator throughout fault diagnosis and fault recovery. The usability of the proposed concept is verified using a prototype.
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