At present, the prospects for the progress of structural materials are mainly associated with the development and widespread use of composite materials. The aim to improve the existing designs, to create new materials opens up the opportunities for the implementation of new design solutions and technologies. The article outlines one of the pressing problems - the need to develop new structural materials such as composite ones. Two types of structural materials are considered in the article: composite materials on a metal basis and composites on a non-metal basis. Technical-technological, physical, technological, mechanical and chemical characteristics and properties of composites are given. Based on the analysis, the properties of unidirectional composite materials on a metal and non-metal basis are revealed. As a result of this review, the fields of application of composite materials on a metal and non-metal basis were determined.
Based on the study of the mechanical composition and physical properties of alluvial sands, the correlation equation necessary for engineering and geological studies to analyze the lithological conditions of the soils, the average physical properties of the Amudarya river and soils, and the average number of strokes per 1 dm immersion probe are studied. Quantities of definitions are represented in large numbers. The study of the physical properties of the sand of both terraces is complicated by the very close occurrence of the groundwater level. Above and near the groundwater level, physical properties were studied in pits, some of which were drilled. Samples of undisturbed sand were taken with a 700 cm3 cutting cylinder. The volumetric weight of the skeleton of both terraces in natural addition is the same for species with the same particle size distribution (1.30-1.50 g / cm3). The geological structure was studied in wells that were drilled by a rope method. Samples were taken from these wells to determine the particle size distribution of the sand. The mineral composition of sand and clay determines the nature of their resistance to shear, and clay soils are characterized by resistance to uniaxial compression and rupture.
A computer model is a software implementation of a mathematical model, supplemented by various utility programs. A computer model exhibits the properties of a physical model when its abstracts components — the programs — are interpreted by a computer. In addition, a computer model, as a physical device, can be the part of test benches, virtual laboratories. Computer simulation allows without significant difficulties to modify mathematical models, which are the basis for obtaining results with a high degree of accuracy. In the article was considered the application of the developed methods for predicting nonlinear viscoelasticity of flexible rods under various loading conditions based on creep curves is possible only in the case of finite strains Rod oscillations with viscoelastic and nonlinear characteristics are considered in this paper. From the point of view of practice, it is interesting to study the oscillations of flexible rods (yarn) when the rod receives excitation depending on the acting dynamic loads in the form of a real oscillogram.
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