/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. Glaciology, 4, pp. 58-65, 1983 On measuring flexural properties of ice using cantilever beams Frederking, R. M. W.; Timco, G. W. ABSTRACT Tests have been performed on fine-grained, columnar, freshwater ice sheets 40 to 70 mm thick grown in a refrigerated model basin. Cantilever beams of various geometries were tested for lengths ranging from 200 to 2 000 mm and widths of 50 to 250 mm. Analysis of the results in terms of simple elastic beam theory indicated that modulus increased with increasing beam length and decreasing beam width. An analytical model for beam deflection was developed, taking into account the effects of buoyancy, shear, and rotation and deflection at the root. This model satisfactorily explained the observed deflection behaviour and the apparent geometry dependence of the modulus. Flexural strength was independent of beam length, but decreased with increasing beam width. Flexural strength was independent of loading rate, whereas modulus decreased with increased 1 oading time. Annals of INTRODUCTIONFlexural behaviour of ice covers is an important factor in establishing their bearing capacity and ice loading on structures. It has application in studying natural ice processes such as ridge building, ride-up, pile-up and ruhbl e building. Accurate determination of flsxural properties of an ice cover is therefore essential. Usually such determinations are made from in s~tu cantilever beam tests. Flexural strength and apparent elastic modulus are calculated by means of simple elastic beam theory, which assumes that ice is isotropic and homogeneous, that the root of the beam is rigidly clamped and that there is no buoyant support of the beam by water. None of these assumptions is completely valid however. When cantilever beam tests are anatysed using simple elastic beam theory,
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