The highly polymorphic in sweet melon for many commercial traits providing seemingly endless possibilities for genetic improvement. The main objective of current study was to estimate of genetic behavior and obtain the genetic parameters of sweet melon advanced lines (Cucumis melo L. var. aegyptiacus). Eight inbred lines were developed from previous study using a pedigree selection method. The selected inbred lines were crossed according to factorial mating design generated 16 crosses. The additive genetic variance played an important role in the inheritance of yield and most yield component traits. Female variance (σ 2 f) appeared to be larger than male variance (σ 2 m) for the most quality traits except for taste. The magnitudes of additive genetic variance (σ 2 A) were lower than their non-additive including dominance (σ 2 D) for all studied yield traits, except for number of male flowers per plant and fruit length. The MAGD105, MAGD106 and MAGD107 are promising lines that could be used in farther improvement programs.
This study was carried out at El -Barmoon Farm, Mansoura Horticultural Research Station, Dekahlia Governorate, Egypt during four successive summer seasons of 2010 to 2014. Seeds of the local Balady of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). The lines were selected from four populations (S 0 ) of local genotypes collected from different four regions of Egypt . The mean squares of the selected lines were highly significant for all studied traits except total soluble solids trait. Furthermore, the superior values between lines mean squares comparing to within plot mean squares indicated the relative magnitude variation between lines than the among the same line. This fact could be used as a primarily indicator for the success of reaching to a logical level of homozigoisty. The mean performance of the selected lines for vegetative traits, yield components and fruit quality traits were recorded the lines L.B.10-2 highly recommended for direct integration or as parental lines for the earliest flowers ,the highest early yield and fruit shape index by the mean of 57.51 day , 1.093 kgs and, 1.908 cm 2 , respectively. The coefficient of variance was estimated for some vegetative, yield components and fruit traits after four cycles of selection in ten lines. The line LB.29-1 was a good donor for plant height , number of branches and early yield per plant but with relative small fruit size comparing with the other lines. While, the line LB.17-5 gave highly recommended for fruit shape index and total soluble solids by the mean of 1.252 % and 3.524 %. The magnitude of the genetic variation between lines was the most important part comparing with genetic variation within plants for all studied traits. Obtained broad-sence heritability (H2Bs) values for the studied traits ranged from 3.22 % to 99.7% , suggesting moderate to high values of heritability. The result indicated that the F 1 hybrid L.B.10-2 x L.B.14-1 showed the highest and desirable value for number of branches per plant of the mean of 31.77, number of fruits per plant 23.66, fruit shape index of the mean of 0.103 and total soluble solids , respectively. At the same time, the F 1 hybrid L.B.10-2 x L.B.37-4 exhibited the highest values of hybrid vigor for earliness triat (Early yield per pant) of the mean of 56.47, Average fruit weight of the mean of 84.64 and total early of the mean of 33.93, respectively.. While, the F 1 hybrid L.B.10-2 x L.B.22-3 showed the highly heterosis is noticed for the prominent yield attributing characters of -12.24 for earliest flowers. This result indicated that choice of parents is very important. These hybrids can be developed for breeding programme and also can satisfy the local demand eggplant breeding programme should aim to produce new F 1 hybrids.
Selection and breeding of eggplant has resulted in development of large number of commercial varieties. Selection from the local varieties is the most practical way for this genetic improvement. Hence, balady variety of eggplant has a wide range of genetic variability in fruit characters . Therefore, this study aimed to develop promising local lines of eggplant for hybrids development or for direct integration. This study was carried out during five successive summer seasons of 2010 to 2014 at El-Barmoon Farm, Mansoura Horticultural Research Station, Dekahlia Governorate, Egypt. Seeds of the local Balady of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), S 0 populations were grown and the distinct plants were determined according to growth vigor, flower's color and selfed Between and within the families selection was accomplished until reaching of S 4 generation. Phenotypic and genetic parameters were estimated after four cycles of selection in ten lines in addition to check variety. The mean squares of the selected lines were highly significant for all studied traits. The line LW.15-1 showed good performance average fruit weight and total yield per plant comparing with the other lines and original population with the meam of 204.1 and 2.573 , respectively . While the line LW.26-1 was a good donor for both plant high, number of branches per plant and number of fruits per plant with the meam of 89.15 cms, 8.711 and 13.25 , respectively but with relative small fruit size comparing with the other lines. The results showed high values for genotypic coefficient of variation between lines (G.C.V% between lines ) compared with the coefficient of variation within lines (G.C.V% within lines ) and moderate to high heritability in broad-sense (H 2 Bs) for all studied traits. Through the early segregating generations, eggplant could be improved through applying selection based on phenotypic expression of the studied traits that would be effective in isolation and identification of promising lines in eggplant. In current study, the lines LW.15-1, LW.5-2 and LW.26-1 are highly recommended for direct integration or as parental lines for F 1 eggplant improvement.
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