Human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a reemerging\ud
disease around the Mediterranean\ud
Basin. The causative agent is Leishmania\ud
infantum. The existence of ‘reservoir’ hosts\ud
(mainly dogs), the effects of HIV infection\ud
and other causes of human immunosuppression,\ud
and the frequent absence of strategies\ud
for the systematic monitoring and mapping\ud
of the disease are serious challenges to its\ud
effective control (Dujardin, 2006). The\ud
main aim of the present study was to obtain\ud
epidemiological data on VL by reviewing the\ud
human cases that have recently occurred in\ud
an endemic area of central Italy
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