Development of a new type of vibrating wire monitor (VWM), which has two mechanically coupled wires (vibrating and target), is presented. The new monitor has a much larger aperture size than the previous model of the VWM, and thus allows us to measure transverse beam halos more effectively. A prototype of such a large aperture VWM with a target wire length of 60 mm was designed, manufactured, and bench-tested. Initial beam measurements have been performed at the Fermilab High Intensity Neutrino Source facility, and key results are presented.
a b s t r a c tTwo types of neutron monitors with fine spatial resolutions are proposed based on vibrating wires. In the first type, neutrons interact with a vibrating wire, heat it, and lead to the change of its natural frequency, which can be precisely measured. To increase the heat deposition during the neutron scattering, the use of gadolinium layer that has the highest thermal neutron capture cross-section among all elements is proposed. The second type uses the vibrating wire as a "resonant target." Besides the measurement of beam profile according to the average signal, the differential signal synchronized with the wire oscillations defines the beam profile gradient. The monitor's spatial resolution is defined by the wire's diameter.
We propose a new type of wire scanner for beam profile measurements, based on the use of a vibrating wire as a scattering target. Synchronous measurements with the wire oscillation allow to detect only the signal coming from the scattering of the beam on the wire. This resonant method enables fast beam profiling in the presence of a high level of background. The developed wire scanner, called resonant target vibrating wire scanner, is applied to photon beam profiling, in which the photons reflected on the wire are measured by a fast photodiode. In addition, the proposed measurement principle is expected to monitor other types of beams as well, such as neutrons, protons, electrons, and ions.
The vibrating wire monitor proposed herein is based on the strong dependence of the frequency of the pinched wire on its temperature. This dependence allows the measurement of a particle/X-ray/gamma-ray beam that deposits part of its energy on the wire. A wide measured temperature range from fractions of mK to hundreds of degrees allows the detection of beam properties at a given position of the wire in space. It also enables preparing profiling of a beam in a large dynamic range by scanning the wire through the beam. This review paper presents information on various applications of a vibrating wire, including the method of resonance target and the use of wire oscillations as a scanner for the profiling of thin beams.
K: Beam-line instrumentation (beam position and profile monitors; beam-intensity monitors; bunch length monitors); Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings -high energy (linear accelerators, synchrotrons); Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings -low energy (linear accelerators, cyclotrons, electrostatic accelerators); Instrumentation for synchrotron radiation accelerators
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