In the process of medication, it is a common practice to treat patients with saline for dehydration and other medical ailments to improve the health condition of the patients. When fed with saline continuous observation of nurses is mandatory in monitoring the level of the saline. There are many cases where patients are being harmed due to the staff inattentiveness, as their absence does not notice the completion of saline level in the container. This arise the problem of back flow of blood immediately after the completion of saline in container. Hence to protect the patient from getting harmed an IoT based saline level monitoring system has been developed. The proposed model incorporates a sensor which continuously detects the saline drops. Whenever the sensor does not detect the drops for a certain interval it alerts the staff of the hospital with the buzzer, helping to monitor the safety of the patients.
The evolution of wireless communication technology and the growing number of mobile users with various applications together have formed a heterogeneous environment of wireless communication networks with real-time availability and high bandwidth preferences. Everyone in the world wants consistent mobility to connect seamlessly to the best available network anytime and anywhere. Therefore, an efficient and Quality of Service (QoS) aware Vertical Handover (VHO) techniques are needed when the mobile connections have to switch from one network to another network to provide effective mobility performance, seamless connectivity, and high availability of connections. Applying efficient VHO process in a heterogeneous wireless network is still a big topic of interest in research field. It has been observed that existing handover techniques are not much capable of providing user preference and QoS aware mobile communication and network selection process. This problem incorporates various unwanted factors such as communication delay, inconsistent mobility, security towards the communication process. This paper discusses various existing research works that have been carried out to improve the VHO process to boost overall communication performance and to raise QoS of wireless mobile communications in the heterogeneousnetworks.
The increasing demand of future power requirements Photovoltaic (pv) systems to be a better alternatives. At present situation sunlight has huge priority. It is freely available resource for power production. The output of this system is subjected to change in the sunlight and temperature. To grasp more energy from the solar array the MPPT can play the crucial function in photovoltaic systems. MPPT is mainly raise the productivity of Photovoltaic system. This paper presents the design of pv array using step-up chopper by MPPT technique.
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