SEPARATION AND SPECIFIC INTERACTION WITH IONS,Aqueous solutions of polyvinylsulfonic acid and its salts with various monovalent cations, separate into two liquid phases at high concentrations of added monovalent electrolytes. The hase separation has been studied as a function of temperature, polymer and added electrolyte concentration. The pgenomenon is high1 s ecific with res ect to the monovalent electrolytes investigated. In the alkali halide series the order of s ecificity is d C f < KCl > R b d a n d KI > KBr > KC1; no phase separation occurs under similar conditions with HCl, IWl, CsCl and NH4C1. Partial se aration of K + from Na+, K + from "I+, R b + from NH4+ and Na+ from H + in mixtures containing the chlorides of %oth res ective cations has been achieved. From potentiometric and conductimetric titrations polyvinylsulfonic acid is shown to gehave as a fully ionized polyelectrolyte. Specific effects with alkali cations are shown, from viscosity and conductivity measurements, to exist also in dilute solutions of the polymer, both in the absence and in the presence of added monovalent electrolytes; they are correlated to the order of specificity of the same cations in phase separation.
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