As major historical periods such as Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age, the development of new materials was the fundamental to all the periods. In the present investigation, a new hybrid composite with epoxy as a resin and reinforcing both biowaste (jute) and traditional fiber (glass) as continues layered mat composites and also study experimentally the effect of the stacking sequence on tensile, flexural, and interlaminar shear properties. Composites were prepared by using hand lay-up technique. All the laminates were prepared with a total of four piles, by varying the position of glass and jute. One group of all jute and glass laminate was also fabricated for comparison purpose. Specimen preparation and testing were carried out as per ASTM standards. Tests were conducted on INSTRON H10KS Material Test System at room temperature using automatic data acquisition software. The results indicated that the jute fiber and hybrid composite give encouraging results when compared with the neat epoxy. The morphologies of the composites are also studied by scanning electron microscope.
The aim of this paper is to replace the traditional fiber composites with a natural-fiber composite in perception of tribological and mechanical accepts. A systematic study has been carried out to investigate jute fiber properties when incorporated into epoxy matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis has also been carried out for jute and epoxy for thermal property analysis. For a comparison purpose epoxy and glass fiber composites are prepared. The investigation reveals that, due to incorporation of jute into polymer epoxy shows better properties than the resins alone; but the properties are inferior to those of glass reinforced in terms of mechanical. When considering the tribological application, the jute fiber shows superior properties than neat and glass-reinforced epoxy composites. The worn out samples were studied using scanning electron microscope.
During the last century natural fibers are used as reinforcement in polymer composite has been continuously growing in the composite industry. This polymer matrix composite has wide range of application in hostile environment where it is exposed to external attacks such as solid particle erosion. The mechanical properties of different polymer composites are also most important characteristics. An attempt has been made to compare the mechanical and tribological properties of the both biowaste wood apple and coconut shell particulate polymer matrix composite. The results show that maximum flexural strength is obtained 78.19 MPa for wood apple shell and 68.25 MPa for coconut shell at 15 wt% filler content. The wood apple particulate composite shows best erosion and mechanical properties than coconut particulate composite.
During the last century, natural fibers and particulates are used as reinforcement in polymer composite that has been continuously growing in the composite industry. This polymer matrix composite has wide range of applications in hostile environment where they are exposed to external attacks such as solid particle erosion. Also, the mechanical properties of different polymer composites show the best alternate to replace the metal material. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to improve the mechanical and tribological behaviour of polymer matrix composite using wood apple shell particles as a filler material in polymer matrix. Also the temperature variation of the dynamic-mechanical parameters of epoxy matrix composites incorporated with 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% of wood apple shell particles was investigated by DMA test. It is clearly observed that the incorporation of wood apple shell particles tends to increase the tensile strength, flexural strength, erosive wear resistance, and viscoelastic stiffness of the polymer composite. To validate the results, SEM of the polymer matrix composite has been studied.
This article describes the development of new carbon black material from agricultural waste (wood apple shells) by using pyrolysis method at various carbonization temperatures (400, 600, and 800 C) and used as reinforcement in polymer composites.The wood apple shell carbon black (WAS-CB) particulates are characterized by proximate analysis, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results showed that due to increases in carbonization temperature the percentage of carbon improved in the carbon black particles. Furthermore, various tests were performed to determine the effect of new carbon black material on the mechanical properties of composite at different filler loading. The results indicated that mechanical properties like tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus are improved as the increase in the carbonization temperature and filler loading. The filler-matrix bonding was analyzed by SEM.
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