Introduction: Although some highlighted problems such as parental stress, child behavioural problems and financial instability occur after transplantation, much still remains unknown about the extent, nature, reasons and implications of family difficulties caused by renal transplantation in childhood. Objectives: To examine the psychosocial aspects, levels of parental stress and behavioural problems among children after renal transplantation and to study the predictors of psychosocial issues in the study sample. Design, setting and method: A cross sectional analytical study was conducted at the University Paediatric Unit of the Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya in September-October 2012. All patients who are being followed up at the post renal transplant clinic were recruited to the study. Data was collected using an intervieweradministered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results: Thirty-eight recipients of paediatric renal transplants were recruited. 67.5% were males. Feeling of happiness constantly or regularly was reported by 82.5% of children while irritability was a significant problem in 47.5%. Sleep disturbance was a recognized problem in 50% of children. At 2 years of transplantation 85 % of children had not attended school but at 5 years after transplantation school dropout was 10 %. This difference was ______________________________________

Introduction Obstetric haemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide and in most cases it relates to uterine atony. Even though an oxytocin bolus is used routinely, additional infusion of oxytocin may be required if haemorrhage occurs.Objectives To compare the effects of 20 IU oxytocin infusion and 5 IU bolus with 5 IU bolus and 500ml normal saline on the control of blood loss in antepartum lower segment caesarean section.Methods A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Teaching Hospital, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. Ninety two pregnant women, forty six from each group were randomized to receive either intravenous slow 5 IU oxytocin bolus over 1 minute and additional 20 IU oxytocin infusion in 500 ml of 0.9% saline solution over 4 hours (Group-A) or 5 IU oxytocin bolus over 1 minute and 500 ml of 0.9% Saline over 4 hours (Group B). Visual assessment of mean blood loss was done by the surgeon and anaesthetist. Blood loss was calculated based on the body weight and haematocrit before and 48 hours after delivery.Results Calculated mean blood loss (456.0ml vs 569.8ml) was significantly less in group A (p=0.046). Visual estimation of blood loss by surgeon (476.9 vs 552.1) (p=0.01) and anaesthetist (492.7 vs 557.2) (p= 0.03) were also significantly less in group A.Conclusion Additional oxytocin infusion at antepartum caesarean section reduces blood loss during and after caesarean section significantly.

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