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The handling and assembling of microcomponents is usually considered as a bottleneck in the fabrication process of hybrid microsystems. This is especially true for very small components that require high positioning tolerances. In this paper we present gripping solutions for various applications concerning the handling and assembling of microcomponents as well as the major microgripper manufacturing technologies.

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1. Introduction 2. Basic characteristics of derivative spectrophotometry 2.1. Increase of spectra resolution 2.2. Elimination of the influence of baseline shift and matrix interferences 2.3. Enhancement of the detectability of minor spectral features 2.4. Precise determination of the positions of absorption maxima 2.5. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) 2.6. Quantitative analysis 3. Analytical applications 3.1. Inorganic analysis 3.2. Organic and pharmaceutical analysis 3.3. Analysis of food and water 3.4. Application of derivative spectrophotometry for the determination of equilibrium constants