Concrete is the most commonly used material in the construction industry, with concrete aggregates accounting for 75 percent of the volume. Due to their primary consumption, natural aggregates are subject to depletion, leading to environmental problems. Therefore is an urgent need to develop or manufacture aggregates. This paper critically reviews the available literature on the development of manufactured aggregate for use in cement concrete. This paper has reviewed the literature on available raw materials for the production of aggregates, the properties of aggregates and their suitability in concrete mix. From the review of literature, it was found that the aggregates manufactured with the use of fly ash, plastic waste, oil palm fuel ash, and quarry dust have better properties compared to natural aggregates. The compressive strength of artificial aggregate concrete is 15-20% less than conventional natural aggregate concrete, but still meets the requirements of applications.
The present study focused on development of Alkali Activated Fine Aggregate (AAFA) by palletization method. AAFA were manufactured using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and alkali activator solution at ambient conditions. Sodium hydroxide of six molarity and sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio of 2.5 was used. The alkali activated fine aggregates were prepared using a drum mixer by maintaining a certain rotation angle and speed. AAFA processed a rough texture. The flow properties of the plastering mortar (1:3) were studied by replacing sand by Alkali activated fine aggregate. Mortar cubes were tested to determine the characteristics of alkali activated fine aggregate mortar. Compressive strength and modulus of elasticity of the mortar were evaluated at the age of 28 days. Results indicate that speed of the mixer influence the properties of alkali activated fine aggregate. AAFA exhibited lower specific gravity, high water absorption, and lesser bulk density compared to manufactured sand. The flow of mortar increases by increasing the percentage of Alkali Activated Fine Aggregate, up to a 60% replacement of M-sand for a water cement ratio of 1.3. Beyond 60% replacement, there is a bleeding in the mix. The compressive strength of Alkali activated Fine aggregate mortar gives consistently optimum compressive strength up to an 80% replacement of AAS by M-sand. The manufactured aggregates were found to be suitable in making plaster/masonry mortar and for making masonry units.
Many applications of fly ash have been studied and employed in various fields. Thermal power stations use pulverized coal as fuel. Thus produce large amounts of fly ash as a by-product of combustion. The present analyses investigates the manufacturing process of Alkali Activated Fly Ash (AAFG) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) Based Coarse Aggregate using an ordinary concrete mixer and its properties are analyzed. The flexural capacity of the Reinforce Concrete (RC) beam with AAFG increases by increasing the diameter of reinforcement and decreases in the replacement AAFG beam, and the crack width decreases as an increase in the replacement of the fly ash aggregate up to 50% in concrete. The durability property of concrete blended with AAFG shows similar results to conventional concrete. From the Rapid Chloride Permeability Test (RCPT) results, it shows that AAFG concrete and conventional concrete are both in the moderate zone only.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.