Plant extracts of the leaves and seed cones of European yew Taxus baccata L.
(Taxaceae) were analyzed for total phenolic content, flavonoid
concentrations, antioxidant and anticancer properties (cytotoxic and
proapoptotic activity). The total phenolic content ranged between 8.23 and
210.01 mg Ga/g, with the IC50 values for antioxidant activity between 25.24
and 533.66 ?g/ml. The MTT test showed that the methanolic extract of leaves
had better activity on HCT-116 cells than the extract of seed cones, with
IC50 values of 14.3 for 24 h and 4.59 for 72 h. The MDA-MB-231 cell line
displayed significantly lower sensitivity to both extracts as compared to the
HCT-116 cell line. Microscopic examination indicated that the extracts
induced apoptosis in both cell lines. These results suggest that T. baccata
leaves and seed cones are a potential source of phenolic compounds,
especially flavonoids, as natural antioxidant, cytotoxic and strong
proapoptotic substances of high value. <br><br><font color="red"><b> This article has been corrected. Link to the correction <u><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ABS161021105E">10.2298/ABS161021105E</a><u></b></font>
The aim of this study was an investigation of pro-apoptotic activity of methanol extract from T. chamaedrys, a more detailed determination of the signal molecules activated in the process of apoptosis, and effects on mRNA expression of enzymes involved in biotransformation (CYP1A1 and GSTP1) and membrane transporter, MRP-2 in HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma cells. The results show pronounced proapoptotic activity of T. chamaedrys extract, due to activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. The death receptor associated signaling pathway was activated in HCT-116 following treatment by T. chamaedrys, via increased Fas receptor expression and activity of caspase 8. Activation of caspase 9 suggests that mitochondrial signalling also has an impact. The extract reduced mRNA expression of GSTP1 and MRP-2 genes, as one of the causes of multi drug resistance in cancer cells. Observed results offer the possibility for the use of T. chamaedrys extract in the context of cancer prevention and therapy.
), nitrites and reduced glutathione (GSH), determined spectrophotometrically, while migratory potential of cancer cells was followed by real time cell analysis. Our results showed acute increasing of superoxide anion radical, decreasing of nitrites and decreasing of GSH in SW-480 cells. In MDA-MB-231 cells investigated extracts showed no change in GSH level. Also, methanol extract of T. montanum in low concentrations decreased cell migration, while T. polium showed antimigratory potential in higher concentrations and in treatment periods longer than 12 hours. Investigated Teucrium spp. extracts showed changes in redox status leading to enhancement of oxidative stress. Also, results indicated moderate reducing of migratory potential of tested cancer cells. However, correlation between redox status and antimigratory effects were not observed. According to these findings, the additional investigation of the exact mechanism of antimigratory effect should be performed.
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