Designing photocatalytic materials with modified functionalities for the utilization of renewable energy sources as an alternative driving energy has attracted much attention in the area of sustainable wastewater treatment applications. Catalyst-assisted advanced oxidation process is an emerging treatment technology for organic pollutants and toxicants in industrial wastewater. Preparation of visible-light-responsive photocatalyst such as Mg-doped TiO 2 polyscales was carried out under mild sol-gel technique. Mg-doped TiO 2 polyscales were characterized by powder XRD, SEM, FTIR, and optical and photocatalytic activity techniques. The Mg-doped TiO 2 showed a mixed phase of anatase and rutile with an excellent crystallinity, structural elucidations, polyscales morphology, consequent shifting of bandgap energy and adequate photocatalytic activities under visible range of light. Mg-doped TiO 2 polyscales were investigated for their efficiencies in the degradation of most commonly used industrial dyes in the real-time textile wastewater. Mg-doped TiO 2 polyscales showed excellent photocatalytic degradation efficiency in both model industrial dyes (65-95%) and textile wastewater (92%) under natural sunlight as an alternative and renewable driving energy.
Affordable clay-based ceramic filters with multifunctional properties were prepared using low-cost and active ingredients. The characterization results clearly revealed well crystallinity, structural elucidation, extensive porosity, higher surface area, higher stability, and durability which apparently enhance the treatment efficiency. The filtration rates of ceramic filter were evaluated under gravity and the results obtained were compared with a typical gravity slow sand filter (GSSF). All ceramic filters showed significant filtration rates of about 50-180 m/h, which is comparatively higher than the typical GSSF. Further, purification efficiency of clay-based ceramic filters was evaluated by considering important drinking water parameters and contaminants. A significant removal potential was achieved by the clay-based ceramic filter with 25% and 30% activated carbon along with active agents. Desired drinking water quality parameters were achieved by potential removal of nitrite (98.5%), nitrate (80.5%), total dissolved solids (62%), total hardness (55%), total organic pollutants (89%), and pathogenic microorganisms (100%) using ceramic filters within a short duration. The remarkable purification and disinfection efficiencies were attributed to the extensive porosity (0.202 cm g), surface area (124.61 m g), stability, and presence of active nanoparticles such as Cu, TiO, and Ag within the porous matrix of the ceramic filter.
Scarcity of safe drinking water is a major problem faced by mankind in recent years. Because of increase in population and over exploitation of natural water resources, fresh water resources are declining day by day. Considering the above scenario, protection of the available limited fresh water resources from deterioration in quality deserves utmost importance. This study aims to evaluate the wastewater treatment efficiency of a constructed wetland system using a laboratory scale model of the wetland system with the common wetland plant 'Reed' which is commonly found in the wetlands of Kerala. The treatment efficiency of the model wetland system was studied with reference to the parameters pH, Conductivity, TSS, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, TKN, Nitrate, and Sulphate. The result of this study indicates that the constructed wetland system showed a removal efficiency of 87. 36, 57.93, 83.7, 86.6, 36.66, 98.28 and 61.83 % respectively for TDS, DO, BOD, COD, TKN, nitrate and sulphate. From the present study it was concluded that there is a scope for development of constructed wetland system using the wetland plant 'Reed' as a low cost system for wastewater renovation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.