For quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris, we constructed linkage map using cleaved amplified plymorphic sequences (CAPS) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) analysis with disease rating of F3 families obtained from a susceptible broccoli and resistant cabbage [Green commet P09 × Reiho P01]. We established inoculatio n technique. In this technique, leaves from approximately 50-day old F3 plants were inoculated by cutting 1.0 cm at mid vain near the margins. A total of 38 CAPS and 60 SRAP primer pairs were screened to assess parental polymorphism against black rot resistance. Ninet y two markers were distributed in 10 linkage groups (LGs) covering 320.5 cM (centimorgan), with average 3.56 cM interval between markers. Two genomic regions on LG 2 and LG 9 were significantly associated with resistance to the disease. The analysis revealed QTLs in the map interval between CAM1 -GSA1 on LG 2 accounting for up to 10% of the phenotypic variation and one QTL in the map interval between F12-R12e -BORED on LG 9 explaining 16% phenotypic variation with LOD score of 3.09. Two additional non-significant QTLs on LG 3 in the interval between CHI -ASB1 (LOD = 2.04) and on LG 7 in the interval between IPI -FLC3 (LOD = 2.25) were also detected for resistance to the disease. The QTLs, which were mapped to LG 2 and LG 9 for the disease, could be useful for marker -assisted selection in resistance breeding.
There are compelling evidences that oxidative stress plays important role in age‐related neurodegenerative diseases and natural food‐derived dietary antioxidants appear to be the first line of defence to take care of the oxidative stress. The analysis results of this study showed that Cili Burung of the hot pepper landraces contained the highest amount of TPC (1.00 mg/g DW), TFC (0.17 mg/g DW), capsaicinoids (0.05 mg/g), and the highest FRAP activity (439 mg/g DW). However, DPPH assay revealed the highest DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 250 μg/ml) in Halia Bara rhizome. Rhizomes of both landraces of ginger showed a significant amount of capsaicinoids. Hot pepper Cili Ungu (5.50 g/kg) and sweet pepper Cili Kulai had the highest P contents (~5.5 g/kg). Halia Bentong ginger rhizome had the highest content of K (33.84 g/kg); however, Halia Bentong ginger roots had remarkably greater contents of Ca (10.96 g/kg). Ginger rhizomes and roots had greater contents of micro minerals compared to hot and sweet chili peppers. Ginger roots contained good amounts of bioactive compounds and mineral nutrients indicating its commercial value. Practical applications The findings of the research are truly very informative and potential for a greater health benefits of all types of health conscious generation of all ages. Depending on the greater contents of the measured bioactive compounds (total phenolics, flavonoids, capsaicinoids, and mineral nutrients) in Chili Burung from among the hot peppers and Cili Solok from among the sweet peppers and both ginger landraces may thus be suitable for commercial production and can serve as potential parents in breeding programs for enhanced phytonutrients constituents, or for use in related research. The presence of high phenolic and flavonoid contents in Chili Burung and gingers indicated their potentiality in pharmaceutical and ethnomedicinal uses. A good amount of bioactive compounds in ginger roots indicated its commercial value. And this is the first research reported on capsaicin in ginger; however, our findings do not preclude chemo‐profiling of capsaicinoids in ginger rhizomes for its inevitability.
Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient were studied for yield and yield component traits in twenty one diverse genotypes of pumpkin. Highest genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for fruit length (cm), single fruit weight (kg), Brix (%) and yield per plant (kg). Heritability estimates in broad sense were higher for almost all the characters. The characters namely, fruit length, single fruit weight, yield per plant and brix% had high genotypic coefficient of variation coupled with heritability gave high genetic advance expressed as percentage of mean ranged from 76.84 to 96.06 which indicated that these characters were less influenced by environment confirming additive gene action, and therefore, selection of these characters would be more effective for yield improvement of pumpkins. Total six traits likely fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, single fruit weight and number of fruits per plant were positively and significantly associated with yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis also revealed maximum contribution of single fruit weight (0.869) to yield and this was followed by the contribution of number of fruit per plant (0.527) at genotypic level.
The experiment was conducted at "Nabagram Farmhouse", Mannan Nagar in Noakhali, Bangladesh during the period from September 2018 to January 2019. The purpose of this study to evaluate the growth and yield of different varieties of cauliflower [Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.] by the effect of different age of seedlings. The two factor experiment (7 treatments) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications where the unit plot size was 9 m² and spacing was 45 cm × 60 cm for plant to plant and row to row respectively. Factor: A: three varieties viz., T1= Snow crown, T2= Early shoot and T3= Silver cup 65 and Factor: B: different aged seedlings viz., T4 = 18 days old seedlings, T5 = 28 days old seedlings, T6 = 38 days old seedlings and T7 = 48 days old seedlings. Plant height (cm), number of leaves, curd initiation (DAT), curd harvesting (DAT), curd weight (kg) and curd yield (t/ha) were taken as parameters on the growth and yield of the plant. The findings of the experiment indicated that among the different varieties the highest yield can be obtained from T3 =25.54 t/ha in comparison with T1= 24.34 t/ha. In case of seedling ages, T5 (28 days old seedlings) gives highest growth and yield (26.39 t/ha) whereas the lowest yield (17.00 t/ha) was obtained from T7 (48 days old seedlings). In combined T5 (28 days) old seedlings of Silver cup 65(T3) produced highest yield (26.13 t/ha) in comparison with others treatment combinations. It could be concluded that planting Silver cup 65 F1 (T3) genotype at 38days (T6) old seedling recorded the highest growth values 19.78 cm meanwhile planting the same genotype at 18 days (T4) evaluated the lowest 7.27 cm.
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