14≤ age≤ 75 years) with class I, IIa, or IIb MG according to Osserman's classification are enrolled, and are blindly separated into Chinese herb group and control group. The Chinese herb group is treated with Huangqi formula and control group with placebo, treatment duration is four weeks. Muscle weakness is assessed by Chinese Score for MG (CSMG; rang 12-60; higher scores worse weakness), and QoL is assessed by the SF-36 (rang: 0-100; higher scores better QoL); Both CSMG and SF-36 are evaluated at the enrollment and after four-week treatment. Results: Analysis is based on 248 patients (male 110, 44%; age:46±18 year), of whom 125 patients randomized into the Chinese herb group and 121 finish the treatment; 123 in the control group and 120 finish the study. There is no significant difference in demographic and clinical characteristics between two groups (P> 0.05), and no difference in CSMG (Chinese herb vs control groups: 24.1±5.9 vs 23.3±6.6) and SF-36 (55.7±16.6 vs 57.7±16.5) at the baseline either. After four-week treatment, muscle weakness declined 6.4±5.0 in Chinese herb group and 1.0±3.8 in control group (P= 0.000). However, no significant changes are found in SF-36 scores between the two groups (56.7±16.1 and 57.1±15.9). ConClusions: This study proves that Chinese herb can relieve MG patients' muscle weakness, but it is not enough to improve patients' QoL in four weeks.
We describe the characteristics of a microchannelbased optical backplane including signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), interconnect distances, and data transfer rates. The backplane employs 250 m-spacing two-dimensional (2-D) vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) and a microlens array to implement 500 m-, 750 m-, and 1-mm optical beam arrays. By integrating the transmitter and a multiplexed polymeric hologram as a deflector/beam-splitter for the guided-wave optical backplane, the result demonstrates a multibus line architecture and its high-speed characteristics. Maximum interconnect distances of 6 cm and 14 cm can be achieved to satisfy 10 12 bit error rate (BER) using 2 2 beams of 500 m-and 1 mm-spacing array devices. The total data transfer rate of the developed backplane has shown 8 Gb/s from eye diagram measurements.
An architecture demonstrator of an innovative interconnect scheme called the optical centralized shared-bus is presented in this paper. This architecture retains the advantages of shared-bus topology while at the same time specifying a uniform interface between the electrical and the optical backplane layers in contrast to other proposed architectures. For the first time, a fanout equalized optical backplane bus is demonstrated. In this architecture demonstrator, the data paths required for the microprocessor-to-memory interconnects are provided by the optical centralized shared-bus. The optoelectronic interface modules are optimized to support data rates up to 1.25 Gb/s. The objective of this microprocessor-to-memory interconnects demonstration is to ensure the feasibility of applying this innovative architecture in real systems.
A95 not significantly different between the two treatment groups from baseline to end of treatment. However, there was a statistically significant improvement in Pain QLQ-C30 score from baseline to week 3 (OR= 3.14, p= 0.036) and week 6 (OR= 3.33, p= 0.034) in the metronomic arm compared with the cisplastin arm. ConClusions: Understanding the impact of different treatment options on changes in QoL over time can not only aid physicians in communication with patients but also assist in the design of interventions that focus on rehabilitation of patients with head and neck cancer.
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