In a 1990-1996 case-control study in western Germany, the authors investigated lung cancer risk due to exposure to residential radon. Confirmed lung cancer cases from hospitals and a random sample of community controls were interviewed by trained interviewers regarding different risk factors. For 1 year, alpha track detectors were placed in dwellings to measure radon gas concentrations. The evaluation included 1,449 cases and 2,297 controls recruited from the entire study area and a subsample of 365 cases and 595 controls from radon-prone areas of the basic study region. Rate ratios were estimated by using conditional logistic regression adjusted for smoking and for asbestos exposure. In the entire study area, no rate ratios different from 1.0 were found; in the radon-prone areas, the adjusted rate ratios for exposure in the present dwelling were 1.59 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 2.27), 1.93 (95% CI: 1.19, 3.13), and 1.93 (95% CI: 0.99, 3.77) for 50-80, 80-140, and>140 Bq/m3, respectively, compared with 0-50 Bq/m3. The excess rate ratio for an increase of 100 Bq/m3 was 0.13 (-0.12 to 0.46). An analysis based on cumulative exposure produced similar results. The results provide additional evidence that residential radon is a risk factor for lung cancer, although a risk was detected in radon-prone areas only, not in the entire study area.
Die dunkelgrünen Oxydationsprodukte von Eisen(II)‐hydroxyd entsprechen nicht einer einzigen Verbindung; sie können vielmehr Hydroxyd oder basisches Salz sein.
Bei der Oxydation von Fe(OH)2 bleibt das C6‐Gitter erhalten, bis zu einem Gehalt von etwa 10% an Fe3+‐Ionen. Hydroxyd mit stabilisierten molekularen Schichten geht bei der Oxydation unter stetiger Abnahme des Abstandes der Eisenionen in den Schichten in ein laminares Eisen(III)‐hydroxyd über. Die Farbe bleibt bis zu einem Gehalt von mehr als 50% Fe3+ grün.
Aus gepufferter Eisen(II)‐chloridlösung fällt bei der Oxydation ein basisches Eisen(II)(III)‐chlorid aus, das die gleiche oder eine ähnliche Struktur hat wie die grünen basischen Kobalthalogenide. Die Idealformel ist 4Fe(OH)2, 1FeOCl, xH2O, doch kann ein beträchtlicher Teil der Fe2+ durch Fe3+ ersetzt sein.
Die dunkelgrüne Farbe dieser Verbindungen ist auf den leichten Elektronenaustausch zwischen den zwei‐ und dreiwertigen Eisenionen im Gitter zurückzuführen.
Our data indicate a small increase in lung cancer risk as a result of residential radon that is consistent with the findings of previous indoor radon and miner studies.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.