The effect of some factors, such as ethanol content, type of modified atmosphere packaging and UV radiation dose, on the mould free shelf life of wrapped part-baked baguettes has been investigated in comparison with the conventional chemical preservatives as calcium propionate and potassium sorbate. Ethanol content, ranging between 0.5-15% by weight, can cause a significant increase in the mould free shelf life up to 1050%, when its percentage reaches 1.5% by weight of part baked wrapped baguette. Modified atmosphere packaging in polyethylene-polyamide-polyethylene vinyl alcohol (PA/EVOH/PE) bags can lead to an increase of at least 1400% and it is more effective at lower temperature of storage. The UV radiation treatment (32 kGy) increases the shelf life by 100 %. In contrast, the addition in the dough 0.15% of calcium propionate or potassium sorbate by flour weight improves the shelf life by 26% and 106% respectively.
The shelf life, particularly the mould-free shelf life (MFSL) of bread, was evaluated either by adding a conventional chemical preservative or by spraying the surface of bread, in which a chemical preservative was added. As bread making is a complex process and bread is a multicomponent system, the investigation was based on statistical design experiments. Using first-order factorial designs, reliable models were constructed, revealing the effects of some common ingredients of bread (such as salt, sugar, glycerol, potassium sorbate, calcium propionate) and their interactions on the MFSL (optimisation parameter) with and without ethanol surface spraying. The effectiveness of preservation was ranked as potassium sorbate + ethanol > calcium propionate + ethanol > potassium sorbate > calcium propionate. Ethanol addition led to MFSL prolongation of 43.5% and 38.5% compared with MFSL of potassium sorbate and calcium propionate, respectively, when all the factors were fixed to their basic levels.
In this article, the effect of commonly used ingredients in muffins (sugar, glycerol, potassium sorbate, acidic agent, salt), with and without ethanol surface spraying and pasteurization on the shelf life, was examined. Citric acid, sodium diacetate, and tartaric acid were used as acidic agents. The investigation was based on a statistical design of experiments. Using simple first order factorial designs, reliable models were constructed revealing the effects of the selected ingredients, and their interactions on the shelf life. The effectiveness of preservation ranked high to low as: (combination of citric acid, potassium sorbate, ethanol, and pasteurization), (combination of citric acid, potassium sorbate, and ethanol), (combination of citric acid and potassium sorbate), (combination of sodium diacetate and potassium sorbate), (combination of tartaric acid and potassium sorbate).
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