Background and Aim: Pig farming is integral in developing Kazakhstan's animal husbandry as it has shown rapid growth in profit and a high turnover. Industrial pig products have significant global demand, particularly in China and Russia. However, as pig farming is a small-scale industry with insufficient mechanization and automation in Kazakhstan, the costs have increased while the quality of Kazakhstani pig products has decreased due to the simultaneous influx of cheap imported pork into the domestic market. This study aimed to analyze the export potential of the swine industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan and assess its impact on the global pork market. Materials and Methods: A meta-analysis of open sources was conducted for the period 1990–2020, while forecasting was extended to 2025. Statistical methods for the analysis (construction of time series with equal intervals, calculation, interpretation of average values, and growth rates) were used. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to study the dependence of the productivity of pigs on the category of the pig farming enterprise to establish the relationship between the average live weight of one head of pigs and the share of pigs in agricultural enterprises in the total number of pigs. The polynomial smoothing method was used, and a trend line was built, forecasting the number of pigs in Kazakhstan, the production and sale of pig products, along with their cost and profitability. Results: This study briefly characterizes the developing situation of the global pork market. We identified and evaluated the development trends in Kazakh pig farming in terms of their impact on the industry's export potential. Specifically, we determined the following trends: An increase in the actual and projected number of pigs; a decrease in the natural loss of pigs during 2014–2020; the growth of existing and forecast indicators of pork sales in the domestic market; a steady decrease in the share of pigs in small households and an increase in the share of pigs in peasant farms and agricultural enterprises; an increase in the dynamics of the productivity of the pig population; and the growth of actual and predicted profitability of production and sale of pig products. We discussed the main problems that hinder the entry of Kazakhstani pork into the global market: Small-scale farming, insufficient mechanization and automation, and inadequate financial support from the state and banking structures. First, small-scale farming (deduced from the number of pigs by the farm categories) has hampered the small farms' independent manufacture and use of feed grain (i.e., barley, which is abundant in Kazakhstan), which might reduce costs. Moreover, small-scale farms struggle to comply with the waste disposal rules for pig production and environmental safety norms, which limit the export potential of Kazakhstani pork. Second, insufficient mechanization and automation in feeding and breeding (i.e., use of resource-saving technologies) result in inadequate productivity, decreased competitiveness, and failure to meet global standards. Third, insufficient financial support in the form of grants allocated to purposes other than selection and breeding limits the overall development of Kazakhstani pig farming. Conclusion: The positive dynamics of the main development indicators of Kazakhstani pig farming efficiently assess the industry's export potential, according to the country's leading academic specialists and practitioners in the agricultural sector, especially in light of the difficult epizootic situation. This provides abundant opportunities for export supplies in the global meat market. These indicators include the number of pigs, its natural decline, and structure by farm categories. They also include the production, sale, and profitability of production of pig products and the productivity of pigs. As China and Russia currently have a massive shortage of this product in the domestic markets, they are potential importers of Kazakh pork.
The goal is to analyze the functioning of agro-industrial enterprises, effectiveness of logistics processes that combine the movement of material, financial and information flows. However, until now these processes have been presented only as a separate area of activity of agricultural producers. In this regard, the aim of the study is to design a system for planning and managing logistics activities of economic entity. Methods – along with elements of dialectical direction of research, its methodological base includes monographic, statistical methods, scientific abstraction, as well as the principles of complexity, consistency, movement and development of economic phenomena. Results – it has been established that the existing logistics approaches to the regulation of supply, stocks, marketing, as well as organization of transport and storage facilities in many agricultural entities do not meet modern requirements. The most obvious and effective solution to this problem is the creation of an effective mobile logistics management mechanism, combined with an information structure. It is shown that logistics has been developed in large pig-breeding enterprises, however, it cannot be called integrated, since material flow management is a priority, and transport and warehouse operations are not fully developed. Conclusions – the authors have developed a draft of management model of logistics cycle, introduction of which into the practice of functioning of pig-breeding complex will allow rationalizing the sequence of actions and procedures assigned to the business logistics service, as well as eliminating miscalculations and errors as much as possible. The implementation of transport and warehouse automation project using a specific software product will contribute to modernization of logistics planning and management system.
Creating favorable conditions for the sustainable industries is an important task of the present generation associated with the action of a complex of economic, industrial, environmental and social factors that ensure their transformation in accordance with the changing environmental factors. This study shows the dynamics of changes in sustainable industries, highlights the features of Kazakhstani enterprises, calculates their share of activities in the volume of industry, the contribution of regions to the republican volume of industry, the financial stability of industrial enterprises, the disposal of fixed assets, the level of investment in fixed capital of industry in conjunction with production environmentally friendly products.
Purpose of study: The aim of the study is to systematize theoretical approaches to the consideration of the nature and structure of the strategic potential of the organization of the agro-industrial complex, since its effective management has a huge impact on the achievement of the organization’s strategic goals of its development and the competitiveness of the organization as a whole. Methodology: The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the works of foreign and domestic economic scientists, who present approaches to the study of the strategic potential of the organization of the agro-industrial complex. General scientific methods, such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, detailing and generalization, comparison, formalization, analogy, historical, logical and systematic approaches, were used as research tools in the present work. Main Findings: The feasibility of applying an effective target approach to determine the essence of the organization’s strategic potential has been determined. The definition of the strategic potential of the organization of the agro-industrial complex is formulated and its characteristics are determined. The necessity of using the resource-functional approach to determine the structure of the organization’s strategic potential has been proved. Applications of this study: The main provisions of the scientific article are the basis for solving practical problems of improving the management of the strategic potential of the organization of the agricultural and industrial complex and can be used directly by the head in making strategic management decisions that provide economically justified development of the organization in the future. Novelty/Originality of this study: The scientific novelty of the study is to substantiate the theoretical provisions on the essence and structure of the strategic potential of the organization of the agro-industrial complex, aimed at solving the problems of improving strategic management in the agro-industrial complex to improve its efficiency and competitiveness.
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