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Abdrd. A radioimmunoaeaay for human calcitonin (CT)has been established and each of ita &pa haa been analyaed in detail. The aaaay is extremely mnaitive allowing the d e b tion of lOpg/ml in serum incubated in presence of human serum proteins using a standard curve. The specificity of our system haa been established on the beeis of immunological and biological criteria. The method ie sufficiently sensitive to allow the study of mechanism of eecretion of CT in normal man and in certain diaeaee stetes. The secretion of (;T ie increamd by induced hypercalcaemia and decreased by h calceemia following EDTA. We have found elevated l e v e E patienta with primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism or pernicioue anaemia and in one patient with Zollinger-Ellieon syndrome. The correlations between CT, serum calcium, pho6phate, urea, magnesium, parathyroid hormone and gastrm were inveatigated.

The two collagen membranes tested significantly enhanced bone regeneration, especially in the superficial level of the calvarial bone defects. The prototype CCM did not provide any further advantage in the present animal model.

Summary and conclusionsSmall doses (1-10 vg daily) of 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (24, Patients and methodsIntestinal calcium absorption was measured in 17 normal subjects and 13 patients with chronic renal failure treated by long-term haemodialysis (Kiil Multipoint dialyser, 12-18 h/week). Seven of these patients were anephric. Six additional patients, who did not have chronic renal failure but had various other disorders of mineral metabolism, underwent metabolic balance studies. None of the patients had taken vitamin D or anticonvulsant drugs for at least six months before the present study.In all normal subjects and patients with chronic renal failure calcium absorption was assessed on a total body counter2'i by the seven-day retention of an oral dose of 7 Ca given with 200 mg calcium as the gluconate. The patients and normal subjects fasted at least four hours before and two hours after the test dose. On completion of the first absorption test they were given the agent to be tested for seven days. A second and similar dose of 47Ca was given on the fourth day of treatment. Thus each evaluation comprised two separate determinations of calcium absorption. In four of the anephric patients and seven normal subjects a third calcium absorption test was done three days after stopping treatment to assess the duration of any response. The patients with chronic renal failure were always given the dose of 47Ca at the same time in relation to their next dialysis treatment. The total body retention of 47Ca was not corrected for losses of 4'Ca into the dialysate fluid or the urine, since these losses were too small to be measured accurately. The agents tested were 1,25-(OH)2D, or 24,25-(OH)2D3, 1-2 .rg (2 4-4-8 nmol) given daily by mouth for seven days. Several of the patients and normal subjects had their responses measured more than once (table I), but in each case a new baseline measurement of calcium absorption was made, and at least 14 days elapsed between treatments. Four of the patients and 13 normal subjects also underwent two calcium absorption tests but without administration of vitamin D metabolites between to assess the random fluctuations in the test.Metabolic balances of calcium and inorganic phosphate were measured in the six patients without chronic renal failure who had various other disorders of mineral metabolism (see table II). Copper thiocyanate and carmine red were used as internal and external markers respectively.27 The diet prescribed was as close as possible to the patients' normal intake of calcium and phosphate and this was checked by regular analysis of samples of the diet. After four days of equilibration on the diet, during which the internal marker was given, the first external marker of carmine was taken. Faeces were then collected in four-day period delineated by carmine markers. Calcium, inorganic phosphate, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and urinary hydroxyproline were measured by established techniques.28Plasma was taken after an overnight fast from all patients except those o...

In the present study on GABHS pharyngitis in children, a once daily (10-mg/kg), 3-day oral regimen of azithromycin was as clinically effective and as safe as traditional penicillin but appeared inferior in eliminating GABHS from the throat.

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