A new system of VLF d ir ection findin g has been developed an d tested by th e National Bureau of Standards, Bo uld er, Colorado. The system. h as b een nam ed " Ephi" (E-c/» b ecau se t he bearin g of t he tra nsient signal is d etermin ed from the r elative phase (c/» of the v ertical electri cal fi eld (E) r eceived at spaced a n tennas. The a dv an tage of t hi s schem e compared to co nventional cro ssed-loop techniqu es is t hat it minimizes sit in g and pol ari zation errors. A mi ni m um of t hree ante nn a~ mu st be used to r esolve direct.ional ambigu ity, a nd the preferrred antenn a location is at t he vertices of a n eq ui lateral t ria ngle with baselin es equal to % to j,{o wavelength (at 10 kc). App ropri 'lte pha se d et ectors, delay lin es an d coin ciden ce circui ts a re u sed to obtai n a directio na l cod e in p rese t sectors. Wit hin practical in st ru m entation li mits a ny numbe r of sectors of variable w id t hs can be operated simultaneo ll sly a nd each can be rotated ill !.lzimu th. ' Contri but ion from Ole Central R adio Propagation Laboratory, :"Jationa I Bureau of Slanda rds, B oulder, Colo. 1 F. Horner, 'rhe accu racy of the location of sources of atmospherics by rad io direetion•fin ci in g, Proe. lEE , 101,383, (1954).
A d eta il ed descri p ti on is presented of a fil m-recordin g system in wh ich a r and oml y occurrin g event a nd its absolu te t im e a re record ed simulta neously. The system co nsists of a 16-millim cter fra min g camera ca pa bl e of in t ermi tte n t op eration at a m ax imum rate of ] 40 fr a mes p er seco nd (fp s) a nd a clock cap a ble of r ea ding o ut t im e wi t h a n a bsolu te accu racy or plu s o r m inu s 1 m illi second (m scc).
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