New coherent states may be induced by pertinently engineering the topology of a network. As an example, we consider the properties of non-interacting bosons on a star network, which may be realized with a dilute atomic gas in a star-shaped deep optical lattice. The ground state is localized around the star center and it is macroscopically occupied below the Bose-Einstein condensation temperature T c . We show that T c depends only on the number of the star arms and on the Josephson energy of the bosonic Josephson junctions and that the non-condensate fraction is simply given by the reduced temperature T /T c .
In this paper we study the effects of a magnetic field on the discrete time random walk of a classical charged particle moving on a comb lattice. We develop an analytical technique to study the Lorentz force effects on the asymptotic diffusion laws. This approach also allows the description of the combined action of an electric and a magnetic field (Hall effect). The generalization to other comblike branched structures is discussed.
We argue that Josephson junction networks may be engineered to allow for the emergence of new and robust quantum coherent states. We provide a rather intuitive argument showing how the change in topology may affect the quantum properties of a bosonic particle hopping on a network. As a paradigmatic example, we analyze in detail the quantum and thermodynamic properties of non-interacting bosons hopping on a comb graph. We show how to explicitly compute the inhomogeneities in the distribution of bosons along the comb's fingers, evidencing the effects of the topology induced spatial Bose-Einstein condensation characteristic of the system. We propose an experiment enabling to detect the spatial Bose-Einstein condensation for Josephson networks built on comb graphs.
In this paper we study the motion of two particles diffusing on lowdimensional discrete structures in presence of a hard-core repulsive interaction. We show that the problem can be mapped in two decoupled problems of single particles diffusing on different graphs by a transformation we call diffusion graph transform. This technique is applied to study two specific cases: the narrow comb and the ladder lattice. We focus on the determination of the long time probabilities for the contact between particles and their reciprocal crossing. We also obtain the mean square dispersion of the particles in the case of the narrow comb lattice. The case of a sticking potential and of 'vicious' particles are discussed.
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