Droplet growth rates of droplets suspended in methane gas and supersaturated water and/or n-nonane vapor are experimentally determined. The experiments are performed by applying the nucleation pulse principle using a modified shock tube. The droplets are optically detected using a combination of constant angle Mie scattering and light extinction measurements. From the analysis of the droplet growth rates in the binary systems the diffusion coefficients of water in methane and n-nonane in methane have been determined at two different conditions, being 11 bar and 242 K, and 44 bar and 247 K. The droplet growth rates in the ternary system have been determined at the same two conditions. From the analysis of these experiments it is evident that supersaturated water vapor does not condense onto n-nonane droplets while supersaturated n-nonane vapor does condense onto water droplets. This can be related to the wetting properties of liquid water on liquid n-nonane and vice versa.
A droplet growth model is formulated that describes the growth of homogeneous multi-component droplets suspended in a dilute gas-vapor mixture. The droplet is suspended in a real carrier gas, in which the vapors are diluted. The model is applicable for all Knudsen numbers. It is shown that the model can easily be extended to describe the growth of layered droplets. The model calculations are compared to the results of droplet growth experiments of supersaturated water and/or supersaturated n-nonane in methane. The model performs well for all the cases, except for the case when supersaturated n-nonane vapor is added to supersaturated water vapor in methane gas. In the latter case it is proposed that the discrepancies originate from the incomplete wetting of n-nonane on liquid water at the given conditions.
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