Background: Portal vein embolization (PVE) has become a standard procedure to increase the future liver remnant (FLR) and enable curative resection of initially unresectable liver tumours. This study investigated the safety and feasibility of a new two-stage liver resection technique that uses in situ liver transection (ISLT) and portal vein ligation before completion hepatectomy. Conclusion:ISLT is an effective and reliable technique to induce rapid growth of the FLR, even in patients with insufficient volume increase after PVE.

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Renal artery dissection can be effectively treated with surgical revascularization. Primary nephrectomy should be considered only in patients with a large ischemic kidney infarction, with significant deterioration of kidney function, to effectively cure or improve severe renovascular hypertension.

Promising data from this survival analysis suggest that PVE, together with CD133+ BMSC pretreatment, could positively impact overall outcomes after extended right hepatectomy.

Twenty-eight patients with prostatic carcinoma who underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and subsequent radical prostatectomy were studied. The resected prostates were sectioned axially, and the whole-mount prostatic specimen was compared with the corresponding MR images. The carcinoma could be identified in 20 cases (71%), but the tumor volume was underestimated in 12 patients (43%). In 19 of 20 visualized cases (95%), the carcinoma was seen as an area of low signal intensity within the peripheral zone on T2-weighted images. However, in one case the signal intensity of the carcinoma was higher than that of the remainder of the peripheral zone. All carcinomas were located within the peripheral zone. The accuracy of MR imaging in the prediction of extraglandular tumor spread was 82%, with a sensitivity of 37.5% and a specificity of 100%. Nineteen patients (67%) exhibited histologically benign hyperplasia, which could be identified on MR images in 10 cases (53%). The signal intensities of the nodules varied. All areas of benign hyperplasia were located within the central zone. The location of the pathologic changes must therefore be considered in differential diagnosis.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of color duplex sonography to distinguish Graves' disease from diffuse toxic goiter. 24 patients with Graves' disease and 13 patients with diffuse toxic goiter underwent B-mode- and color duplex sonography of the thyroid gland. All patients had hyperthyroidism and elevated (99m)Tc-uptake. Spectral Doppler recordings were obtained at all thyroid arteries. Representative color flow maps of the thyroid gland were analyzed, calculating the percentage area of the thyroid gland, occupied by color pixels (color pixel density). The B-mode ultrasound pattern was subjectively assessed on a 4-point rating scale. In patients with Graves' disease the mean peak systolic velocity (PSV) (SD) was 110 (+/- 49) cm/s, the mean volume flow rate (VFR) was 123 ( +/- 67) ml/min and the mean color pixel density (CPD) was 33 (+/- 12) %. For patients with diffuse toxic goiter mean PSV (SD) was 43 ( +/- 9) cm/s (p < 0.001), mean VFR was 23 (+/- 10) ml/min (p < 0.001) and mean CPD was 9 (+/- 6) % (p = 0.007). CPD and spectral duplex recordings were positively correlated (CPD/PSV: rs = 0.77, CPD/VFR: rs = 0.75; p < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed concerning RI values. Sensitivity was 87% and specificity 92% for CPD and VFR and 87% and 100% for PSV. We conclude, that color duplex sonography can reliably distinguish diffuse toxic goiter from Graves' disease and therefore contributes significantly to the differential diagnosis of hyperthyroidism in diffuse thyroid disease.

Jejunal diverticula is rare and in most cases without any symptoms. They become clinically relevant when complications, such as diverticulitis, malabsorption caused by bacterial overgrowth, intestinal hemorrhage, or obstruction, occur. In this case report a case of perforated jejunal diverticulitis is presented and the problems in finding the correct diagnosis are discussed.

T2 and T2* mapping of the hip in patients after SCFE are significantly different from healthy controls and may offer additional information about cartilage quality.