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An accurate model of the elementary accumulation device is fundamental for sizing and controlling the battery pack to be used in electric and hybrid vehicles. Indeed, the implementation of such a model within the Battery Management System makes it possible to evaluate the status and the behavior of the battery pack in every condition and to apply a correct control strategy. This work shows the characterization and modeling of a commercial Lithium-Polymer cell, which properly considers thermal effects on cell behavior. The specific designed thermostatic chamber is described and the experimental results are presented and compared to those simulated with the developed model.

This paper describes the design of a modular battery management system for electric off-road vehicles, where lithiumion batteries are expected to be widely used. A massive electrification of off-road vehicles can be enabled by the availability of a standard battery module, provided with an effective management unit. The design and some preliminary experimental results of the module management unit are discussed in this paper. The unit contains a high current active equalizer that enables the dynamic charge equalization among cells and maximizes the usable capacity of the battery. Keywords-Battery Management System, Active balancing, Electric Off-Road Vehicles, Lithium-ion battery technologyI.

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An electronic meter to measure surface seawater density is presented. It is based on the measurement of the difference in displacements of a surface level probe and a weighted float, which according to Archimedes’ law depends on the density of the water. The displacements are simultaneously measured using a high-accuracy magnetostrictive sensor, to which a custom electronic board provides a wireless connection and power supply so that it can become part of a wireless sensor network. The electronics are designed so that different kinds of wireless networks can be used, by simply changing the wireless module and the relevant firmware of the microcontroller. Lastly, laboratory and at-sea tests are presented and discussed in order to highlight the functionality and the performance of a prototype of the wireless density meter node in a Bluetooth radio network. The experimental results show a good agreement of the values of the calculated density compared to reference hydrometer readings.