Rastall's theory is a modification of Einstein's theory of gravity where the covariant divergence of the stress-energy tensor is no more vanishing, but proportional to the gradient of the Ricci scalar. The motivation of this theory is to investigate a possible non-minimal coupling of the matter fields to geometry which, being proportional to the curvature scalar, may represent an effective description of quantum gravity effects. Non-conservation of the stressenergy tensor, via Bianchi identities, implies new field equations which have been recently used in a cosmological context, leading to some interesting results. In this paper we adopt Rastall's theory to reproduce some features of the effective Friedmann's equation emerging from loop quantum cosmology. We determine a class of bouncing cosmological solutions and comment about the possibility of employing these models as effective descriptions of the full quantum theory. *
Resumo-Este artigo tem como objetivo principal analisar as patentes que foram encaminhadas junto ao Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial -INPI, pelas universidades (Estaduais e Federais). Com a publicação da Lei da Inovação (Nº 10.973, de 2 de dezembro de 2004), que estimulou a Instituição Científica e Tecnológica -ICT, as universidades passaram a desempenhar um forte papel na gestão da política de inovação e tecnologia. O estudo pode ser caracterizado como exploratório e descritivo com uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. O levantamento foi realizado em dois estados do Nordeste: Maranhão e Rio Grande do Norte. Como delimitação da pesquisa foram consideradas as patentes publicadas e concedidas. A busca pelas patentes foi realizada pelo site do INPI. Encontraram-se 242 patentes entre depositadas, publicadas e concedidas. A maioria das patentes publicadas possui um potencial de aplicação na indústria farmacêutica. Apenas 3 (três) de todas as patentes possuem potencial para serem utilizadas na indústria automobilística. Esse resultado pode ser característico ainda do envolvimento de pesquisadores envolvidos nesses processos, dando assim, uma característica a esses processos mais de pesquisa científica do que desenvolvimento de novas soluções para o mercado. Palavras-chave-Patentes, Universidade, Inovação.Abstract-This article has as main objective to analyze the patents that were sent to the National Institute of Industrial Property -INPI, by the universities (State and Federal). With the publication of the Innovation Law (No. 10.973, of December 2, 2004), which stimulated the Scientific and Technological Institution -ICT, universities started to play a strong role in the management of innovation and technology policy. The study can be characterized as exploratory descriptive with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The survey was carried out in two states in the Northeast: Maranhão and Rio Grande do Norte. As a delimitation
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