Vasin (2018) Recent advances in the study of high-temperature behaviour of nonstoichiometric TaC x , HfC x and ZrC x carbides in the domain of their congruent melting point, Advances in Applied Ceramics, 117:sup1, s48-s55,
Ball-milled hydroreactive powders of Mg-Al scrap with 20 wt.% additive (Wood’s alloy, KCl, and their mixture) and with no additives were manufactured. Their hydrogen yields and reaction rates in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution at 15–35 °С were compared. In the beginning of the reaction, samples with KCl (20 wt.%) and Wood’s alloy (10 wt.%) with KCl (10 wt.%) provided the highest and second-highest reaction rates, respectively. However, their hydrogen yields after 4 h were correspondingly the lowest and second-lowest percentages—(45.6 ± 4.4)% and (56.0 ± 1.2)% at 35 °С. At the same temperature, samples with 20 wt.% Wood’s alloy and with no additives demonstrated the highest hydrogen yields of (73.5 ± 10.0)% and (70.6 ± 2.5)%, correspondingly, while their respective maximum reaction rates were the lowest and second-lowest. The variations in reaction kinetics for the powders can be explained by the difference in their particle sizes (apparently affecting specific surface area), the crystal lattice defects accumulated during ball milling, favoring pitting corrosion, the morphology of the solid reaction product covering the particles, and the contradicting effects from the potential formation of reaction-enhancing microgalvanic cells intended to induce anodic dissolution of Mg in conductive media and reaction-hindering crystal-grain-screening compounds of the alloy and metal scrap components.
The shock compression of porous nickel from nanosized particles nNi was studied at a pressure range of 4–61 GPa. The average size of the nNi particles was 50 nm, and the porosity of the samples was 50%. Plane shock waves in the samples were generated by the impact of aluminum plates accelerated to velocities ranging from 0.8 to 5 km/s. Laser interferometry was used to monitor particle velocity histories at the interface between the samples and water or LiF windows. The data obtained at pressures below 8 GPa showed a complex shock wave profile with the formation of an elastic precursor wave. The shock Hugoniot and data on the expansion isentropes were obtained. The Hugoniot of nanosized nNi coincided within the experimental errors with the Hugoniot of micron-sized nickel. The Hugoniot calculated on the basis of the equation of state for porous nickel was in good agreement with that of experimental data. It has been established that in the middle pressure range (20–35 GPa), the expansion isentropes in the “pressure–particle velocity” coordinates become noticeably flatter with a significant increase in the particle velocity. The reason for this phenomenon is still unclear. An assumption was made about the onset of particle melting upon reaching pressures above 15 GPa.
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