Milk and blood serum from clinically mastitis infected, subclinically mastitis infected and healthy Friesian cows (15 samples from each of 3 groups) were evaluated for macrominerals (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus). The milk from cows infected with subclinical mastitis revealed a significant decrease in potassium (P < 0.001) and a significant increase in sodium and phosphorus content (P < 0.01). Similarly, the milk from cows with the clinical form of the disease showed a significant increase in sodium (P < 0.001) and a significant decrease in potassium, magnesium (P < 0.001) and calcium (P < 0.01). Comparison of healthy cow's milk with that from cows with subclinical mastitis revealed a highly significant increase in sodium (P < 0.001). Comparison of healthy cow's milk with that of clinically mastitic milk showed a highly significant decrease in levels of calcium, magnesium (P < 0.001) and potassium (P < 0.01). However, sodium increased highly significantly (P < 0.001). Comparison of macro-minerals in milk from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis revealed a significant decrease in potassium contents (P < 0.05) compared with that of healthy cows. Potassium levels were found to decrease significantly (P < 0.05) in subclinically infected cow's blood serum. However, calcium and phosphorus showed a significant decrease (P < 0.01) in blood serum samples from the clinically infected cows
A total of 514 samples including 196 nasal swabs, 148 tracheal swabs and 170 pneumonic lung tissues were collected: 460 isolates were identified. The isolates constituted 9 genera of bacteria with, 82.40 percent Gram positive organisms and 15 percent Gram negative organisms and mixed organisms as 2.6 percent. Staph. aureus and Coryn. pyogenes were the predominant isolates with frequency of 24.8 and 20.6 percent respectively. Staph. aureus, Coryn. pyogenes, Strept. pyogenes and Klebsiella pneumoniae showed high frequency of isolation from pneumonic lungs as compared with their isolation frequencies from nasal cavity and the trachea. In an in vitro antibiotic sensitivity tests, penicillin, ampicillin were the drugs of choice against Gram positive organisms. Gentamicin showed a marked inhibitory effect against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.
Au début d’avril 2002, un foyer important de maladie a été rapporté chez des moutons et des chèvres de la province d’Al- Hasa, commune de Hofuf (25° de lat. N, 47° de long. E), dans la région de l’est de l’Arabie saoudite. Le troupeau concerné était composé de 70 moutons et chèvres adultes. L’apparition de cette maladie a été soudaine. Les manifestations cliniques ont été le larmoiement, du jetage, de la salivation, des diarrhées abondantes, suivis d’un décubitus et de la mort. La durée de la maladie chez les animaux affectés a été de trois à quatre jours. Sur les 70 animaux du troupeau, 30 ont été affectés et le taux de mortalité chez ces derniers a été de 100 p. 100. Un virus a été isolé en culture de cellules Vero et identifié par neutralisation avec un sérum de référence hyperimmun contre la peste des petits ruminants (PPR) et la peste bovine. Le virus a bien été identifié comme étant celui de la PPR. L’épidémiologie de cette maladie en Arabie saoudite et dans la péninsule arabe est discutée.
Hypophosphataemia is defined as low level of phosphate in the blood (normal range 0.8 -1.4 mmol/l), which can be drug-induced such as uniphyline. We present a case of elderly female patient with known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, admitted with acute respiratory failure and low serum phosphate level, her clinical signs and serum phosphate level did not improve with conventional therapy and intravenous phosphate replacement, until her recently commenced uniphyline was discontinued. This highlights the importance of awareness amongst the clinicians about this rare but potential side effect of uniphyline. We suggest monitoring phosphate levels in patients admitted with acute respiratory failure especially those on extended bronchodilator therapy.
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