Hexavalent chromium has been commonly used in the steel, refractory, leather tanning, wood treatment, pigment and chemical industries 1. During the last few decades the uncontrolled release of industrial wastes has contaminated the soil and water with Cr(VI) throughout the world 2-5. Hexavalent chromium is a strong oxidizing species with toxic and carcinogenic influences on all living organisms, including human. Contact with Cr(VI) compounds over a prolonged period of time is a risk factor for developing lung cancer 6. Trivalent chromium Cr(III) is a common representative of chromium compounds and less harmful compared to Cr(VI) 7. Moreover, Cr(VI) penetrates into the cells via the sulfate transporters due to its structural and electrical similarity with sulfate ions, whereas, intracellular penetration of Cr(III) is rather not possible 8. Generally Cr(VI) is much more mobile in soil than Cr(III). The major Cr(VI) species include; chromate, bichromate and dichromate are thermodynamically stable over a large pH range in the environment and hardly absorbed onto soil colloids under alkaline to sub-neutral conditions. Therefore, Cr(VI) posing a threat to surface and groundwater quality 9,10. Batch sorption
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